New Jersey Statutes - Title 12A Commercial Transactions - New Jersey Attorney Resources

New Jersey Statutes - Title 12A Commercial Transactions

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New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-101 Short title
This Act shall be known and may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code. L.1961, c. 120, s. 1-101. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-102 Purposes; rules of construction; variation by agreement
(1) This Act shall be liberally construed and applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies. (2) Underlying purposes and policies of this Act are ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-103 Supplementary general principles of law applicable
Unless displaced by the particular provisions of this Act, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant and the law relative to capacity ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-104 Construction against implicit repeal
This Act being a general act intended as a unified coverage of its subject matter, no part of it shall be deemed to be impliedly ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-105 Territorial application of the act; parties' power to choose applicable law
12A:1-105. Territorial application of the act; parties' power to choose applicable law. (1) Except as provided hereafter in this section, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-106 Remedies to be liberally administered
(1) The remedies provided by this Act shall be liberally administered to the end that the aggrieved party may be put in as good a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-107 Waiver or renunciation of claim or right after breach
Any claim or right arising out of an alleged breach can be discharged in whole or in part without consideration by a written waiver or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-108 Severability
If any provision or clause of this Act or application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, such invalidity shall not affect other ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-109 Section captions.
12A:1-109. Section Captions. Section captions are part of the Uniform Commercial Code. The subsection headings in Chapter 9 on Secured Transactions ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-201 General definitions.
12A:1-201. General definitions. Subject to additional definitions contained in the subsequent chapters of the Uniform Commercial Code which are applicable to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-202 Prima facie evidence by third party documents
A document in due form purporting to be a bill of lading, policy or certificate of insurance, official weigher's or inspector's certificate, consular invoice, or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-203 Obligation of good faith
Every contract or duty within this Act imposes an obligation of good faith in its performance or enforcement. L.1961, c. 120, s. 1-203. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-204 Time; reasonable time; "seasonably"
(1) Whenever this Act requires any action to be taken within a reasonable time, any time which is not manifestly unreasonable may be fixed by ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-205 Course of dealing and usage of trade
(1) A course of dealing is a sequence of previous conduct between the parties to a particular transaction which is fairly to be regarded as ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-206 Statute of frauds for kinds of personal property not otherwise covered.
12A:1-206. Statute of Frauds for Kinds of Personal Property Not Otherwise Covered. (1) Except in the cases described in subsection ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-207 Performance or acceptance under reservation of rights
(1) A party who, with explicit reservation of rights, performs or promises performance or assents to performance in a manner demanded or offered by the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-208 Option to accelerate at will
A term providing that one party or his successor in interest may accelerate payment or performance or require collateral or additional collateral "at will" or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:1-209 Subordination of obligation or right to payment of obligation by agreement; security interest not created
An obligation may be issued as subordinated to payment of another obligation of the person obligated, or a creditor may subordinate his right to payment ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-101 Short title
This Chapter shall be known and may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Sales. L.1961, c. 120, s. 2-101. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-102 Scope; certain security and other transactions excluded from this chapter
Unless the context otherwise requires, this Chapter applies to transactions in goods; it does not apply to any transaction which although in the form of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-103 Definitions and index of definitions
12A:2-103. Definitions and index of definitions. (1) In this chapter unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Buyer" ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-104 Definitions: "merchant" ; "between merchants" ; "financing agency"
(1) "Merchant" means a person who deals in goods of the kind or otherwise by his occupation holds himself out as having knowledge or skill ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-105 Definitions: transferability; "goods" ; "future" goods; "lot" ; "commercial unit"
(1) "Goods" means all things (including specially manufactured goods) which are movable at the time of identification to the contract for sale other than the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-106 Definitions: "contract" ; "agreement" ; "contract for sale" ; "sale" ; "present sale" ; "conforming" to contract; "termination" ; "cancellation"
(1) In this Chapter unless the context otherwise requires "contract" and "agreement" are limited to those relating to the present or future sale of goods. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-107 Goods to be severed from realty: recording
(1) A contract for the sale of minerals or the like (including oil and gas) or a structure or its materials to be removed from ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-201 Formal requirements; statute of frauds
(1) Except as otherwise provided in this section a contract for the sale of goods for the price of $500 or more is not enforceable ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-202 Final written expression: parol or extrinsic evidence
Terms with respect to which the confirmatory memoranda of the parties agree or which are otherwise set forth in a writing intended by the parties ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-203 Seals inoperative
The affixing of a seal to a writing evidencing a contract for sale or an offer to buy or sell goods does not constitute the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-204 Formation in general
(1) A contract for sale of goods may be made in any manner sufficient to show agreement, including conduct by both parties which recognizes the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-205 Firm offers
An offer by a merchant to buy or sell goods in a signed writing which by its terms gives assurance that it will be held ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-206 Offer and acceptance in formation of contract
(1) Unless otherwise unambiguously indicated by the language or circumstances (a) an offer to make a contract shall be construed as inviting acceptance in any ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-207 Additional terms in acceptance or confirmation
(1) A definite and seasonable expression of acceptance or a written confirmation which is sent within a reasonable time operates as an acceptance even though ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-208 Course of performance or practical construction
(1) Where the contract for sale involves repeated occasions for performance by either party with knowledge of the nature of the performance and opportunity for ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-209 Modification, rescission and waiver
(1) An agreement modifying a contract within this Chapter needs no consideration to be binding. (2) A signed agreement which excludes modification or rescission except ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-210 Delegation of performance; assignment of rights
12A:2-210. Delegation of performance; assignment of rights. (1) A party may perform his duty through a delegate unless otherwise agreed ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-301 General obligations of parties
The obligation of the seller is to transfer and deliver and that of the buyer is to accept and pay in accordance with the contract. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-302 Unconscionable contract or clause
(1) If the court as a matter of law finds the contract or any clause of the contract to have been unconscionable at the time ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-303 Allocation or division of risks
Where this Chapter allocates a risk or a burden as between the parties "unless otherwise agreed" , the agreement may not only shift the allocation ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-304 Price payable in money, goods, realty, or otherwise
(1) The price can be made payable in money or otherwise. If it is payable in whole or in part in goods each party is ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-305 Open price term
(1) The parties if they so intend can conclude a contract for sale even though the price is not settled. In such a case the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-306 Output, requirements and exclusive dealings
(1) A term which measures the quantity by the output of the seller or the requirements of the buyer means such actual output or requirements ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-307 Delivery in single lot or several lots
Unless otherwise agreed all goods called for by a contract for sale must be tendered in a single delivery and payment is due only on ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-308 Absence of specified place for delivery
Unless otherwise agreed (a) the place for delivery of goods is the seller's place of business or if he has none his residence; but (b) ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-309 Absence of specific time provisions; notice of termination
(1) The time for shipment or delivery or any other action under a contract if not provided in this Chapter or agreed upon shall be ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-310 Open time for payment or running of credit; authority to ship under reservation
Unless otherwise agreed (a) payment is due at the time and place at which the buyer is to receive the goods even though the place ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-311 Options and cooperation respecting performance
(1) An agreement for sale which is otherwise sufficiently definite (subsection (3) of 12A:2-204) to be a contract is not made invalid by the fact ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-312 Warranty of title and against infringement; buyer's obligation against infringement
(1) Subject to subsection (2) there is in a contract for sale a warranty by the seller that (a) the title conveyed shall be good, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-313 Express warranties by affirmation, promise, description, sample
(1) Express warranties by the seller are created as follows: (a) Any affirmation of fact or promise made by the seller to the buyer which ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-313.1 Consumer goods product; warranties of 90 days or less; computation of time
The warranty of any consumer goods product sold for less than $1,000.00 which is for 90 days or less shall start running on the date ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-313.2 Consumer goods product; defined
As used in this act, "consumer goods product" shall mean all goods or products sold for personal or household use, excluding those goods or products ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-314 Implied warranty: merchantability; usage of trade
(1) Unless excluded or modified (12A:2-316), a warranty that the goods shall be merchantable is implied in a contract for their sale if the seller ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-315 Implied warranty: fitness for particular purpose
Where the seller at the time of contracting has reason to know any particular purpose for which the goods are required and that the buyer ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-316 Exclusion or modification of warranties
(1) Words or conduct relevant to the creation of an express warranty and words or conduct tending to negate or limit warranty shall be construed ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-317 Cumulation and conflict of warranties express or implied
Warranties whether express or implied shall be construed as consistent with each other and as cumulative, but if such construction is unreasonable the intention of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-318 Third party beneficiaries of warranties express or implied
A seller's warranty whether express or implied extends to any natural person who is in the family or household of his buyer or who is ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-319 F.O.B. and F.A.S. terms
(1) Unless otherwise agreed the term F.O.B. (which means "free on board" ) at a named place, even though used only in connection with the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-320 C.I.F. and C. & F. terms
(1) The term C.I.F. means that the price includes in a lump sum the cost of the goods and the insurance and freight to the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-321 C.I.F. or C. & F.: "net landed weights" ; "payment on arrival" ; warranty of condition on arrival
Under a contract containing a term C.I.F. or C. & F. (1) Where the price is based on or is to be adjusted according to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-322 Delivery "ex-ship"
(1) Unless otherwise agreed a term for delivery of goods "ex-ship" (which means from the carrying vessel) or in equivalent language is not restricted to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-323 Form of bill of lading required in overseas shipment; "overseas"
(1) Where the contract contemplates overseas shipment and contains a term C.I.F. or C. & F. or F.O.B. vessel, the seller unless otherwise agreed must ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-324 "No arrival, no sale" term
Under a term "no arrival, no sale" or terms of like meaning, unless otherwise agreed, (a) the seller must properly ship conforming goods and if ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-325 "Letter of credit" term; "confirmed credit"
(1) Failure of the buyer seasonably to furnish an agreed letter of credit is a breach of the contract for sale. (2) The delivery to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-326 Sale on approval and sale or return; rights of creditors
12A:2-326. Sale on Approval and Sale or Return; Rights of Creditors. (1) Unless otherwise agreed, if delivered goods may be ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-327 Special incidents of sale on approval and sale or return
(1) Under a sale on approval unless otherwise agreed (a) although the goods are identified to the contract the risk of loss and the title ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-328 Sale by auction
(1) In a sale by auction if goods are put up in lots each lot is the subject of a separate sale. (2) A sale ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-329 Short title
This act shall be known and may be cited as the "Artworks Consignment Act." L. 1987, c. 132, s. 1. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-330 Definitions
As used in this act: (1) "Art dealer" means a person engaged in the business of selling crafts and works of fine art, other than ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-331 Terms of consignment
When an artist or an artist's representative delivers or causes the delivery of a craft or work of fine art to an art dealer to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-332 Protection of consignor from creditors of consignee
(1) Notwithstanding the provision of N.J.S. 12A:2-326, the consignor may be protected against the creditors of the consignee where: (a) the consignee or consignor places ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-333 Consignments protected from creditors
Crafts or works of fine art placed on consignment in compliance with the provisions of subsection (1) of section 4 are not subject to the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-334 Consignment agreement
An art dealer shall not accept a craft or work of fine art for a commission on consignment unless, before the time of acceptance, the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-335 Civil liability of consignee
An art dealer who accepts a craft or work of fine art on consignment shall be liable in a civil action brought by the consignor ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-336 Waiver of rights of consignor
A consignor may not waive his rights under this act unless the waiver is clear, conspicuous and in writing. L. 1987, c. 132, s. 8. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-401 Passing of title; reservation for security; limited application of this section
Each provision of this Chapter with regard to the rights, obligations and remedies of the seller, the buyer, purchasers or other third parties applies irrespective ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-402 Rights of seller's creditors against sold goods
(1) Except as provided in subsections (2) and (3), rights of unsecured creditors of the seller with respect to goods which have been identified to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-403 Power to transfer; good faith purchase of goods; "entrusting"
12A:2-403. Power to transfer; good faith purchase of goods; "entrusting". (1) A purchaser of goods acquires all title which the transferor had or had power ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-501 Insurable interest in goods; manner of identification of goods
(1) The buyer obtains a special property and an insurable interest in goods by identification of existing goods as goods to which the contract refers ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-502 Buyer's right to goods on seller's repudiation, failure to deliver, or insolvency
12A:2-502. Buyer's Right to Goods on Seller's Repudiation, Failure to Deliver, or Insolvency. (1) Subject to subsections (2) and (3) ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-503 Manner of seller's tender of delivery
(1) Tender of delivery requires that the seller put and hold conforming goods at the buyer's disposition and give the buyer any notification reasonably necessary ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-504 Shipment by seller
Where the seller is required or authorized to send the goods to the buyer and the contract does not require him to deliver them at ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-505 Seller's shipment under reservation
(1) Where the seller has identified goods to the contract by or before shipment: (a) his procurement of a negotiable bill of lading to his ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-506 Rights of financing agency
(1) A financing agency by paying or purchasing for value a draft which relates to a shipment of goods acquires to the extent of the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-507 Effect of seller's tender; delivery on condition
(1) Tender of delivery is a condition to the buyer's duty to accept the goods and, unless otherwise agreed, to his duty to pay for ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-508 Cure by seller of improper tender or delivery; replacement
(1) Where any tender or delivery by the seller is rejected because non-conforming and the time for performance has not yet expired, the seller may ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-509 Risk of loss in the absence of breach
(1) Where the contract requires or authorizes the seller to ship the goods by carrier (a) if it does not require him to deliver them ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-510 Effect of breach on risk of loss
(1) Where a tender or delivery of goods so fails to conform to the contract as to give a right of rejection the risk of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-511 Tender of payment by buyer; payment by check.
(1) Unless otherwise agreed tender of payment is a condition to the seller's duty to tender and complete any delivery. (2) Tender of Payment is ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-512 Payment by buyer before inspection; exceptions.
12A:2-512. (1) Where the contract requires payment before inspection, non-conformity of the goods does not excuse the buyer from so making payment unless ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-513 Buyer's right to inspection of goods
(1) Unless otherwise agreed and subject to subsection (3), where goods are tendered or delivered or identified to the contract for sale, the buyer has ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-514 When documents deliverable on acceptance; when on payment
Unless otherwise agreed documents against which a draft is drawn are to be delivered to the drawee on acceptance of the draft if it is ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-515 Preserving evidence of goods in dispute
In furtherance of the adjustment of any claim or dispute (a) either party on reasonable notification to the other and for the purpose of ascertaining ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-601 Buyer's rights on improper delivery
Subject to the provisions of this Chapter on breach in installment contracts (12A:2-612) and unless otherwise agreed under the sections on contractual limitations of remedy ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-602 Manner and effect of rightful rejection
(1) Rejection of goods must be within a reasonable time after their delivery or tender. It is ineffective unless the buyer seasonably notifies the seller. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-603 Merchant buyer's duties as to rightfully rejected goods
(1) Subject to any security interest in the buyer (subsection (3) of 12A:2-711), when the seller has no agent or place of business at the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-604 Buyer's options as to salvage of rightfully rejected goods
Subject to the provisions of the immediately preceding section on perishables if the seller gives no instructions within a reasonable time after notification of rejection ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-605 Waiver of buyer's objections by failure to particularize
(1) The buyer's failure to state in connection with rejection a particular defect which is ascertainable by reasonable inspection precludes him from relying on the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-606 What constitutes acceptance of goods
(1) Acceptance of goods occurs when the buyer (a) after a reasonable opportunity to inspect the goods signifies to the seller that the goods are ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-607 Effect of acceptance; notice of breach; burden of establishing breach after acceptance; notice of claim or litigation to person answerable over
(1) The buyer must pay at the contract rate for any goods accepted. (2) Acceptance of goods by the buyer precludes rejection of the goods ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-608 Revocation of acceptance in whole or in part
(1) The buyer may revoke his acceptance of a lot or commercial unit whose non-conformity substantially impairs its value to him if he has accepted ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-609 Right to adequate assurance of performance
(1) A contract for sale imposes an obligation on each party that the other's expectation of receiving due performance will not be impaired. When reasonable ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-610 Anticipatory repudiation
When either party repudiates the contract with respect to a performance not yet due the loss of which will substantially impair the value of the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-611 Retraction of anticipatory repudiation
(1) Until the repudiating party's next performance is due he can retract his repudiation unless the aggrieved party has since the repudiation cancelled or materially ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-612 "Installment contract" ; breach
(1) An "installment contract" is one which requires or authorizes the delivery of goods in separate lots to be separately accepted, even though the contract ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-613 Casualty to identified goods
Where the contract requires for its performance goods identified when the contract is made, and the goods suffer casualty without fault of either party before ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-614 Substituted performance
(1) Where without fault of either party the agreed berthing, loading, or unloading facilities fail or an agreed type of carrier becomes unavailable or the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-615 Excuse by failure of presupposed conditions
Except so far as a seller may have assumed a greater obligation and subject to the preceding section on substituted performance: (a) Delay in delivery ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-616 Procedure on notice claiming excuse
(1) Where the buyer receives notification of a material or indefinite delay or an allocation justified under the preceding section he may by written notification ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-701 Remedies for breach of collateral contracts not impaired
Remedies for breach of any obligation or promise collateral or ancillary to a contract for sale are not impaired by the provisions of this Chapter. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-702 Seller's remedies on discovery of buyer's insolvency
(1) Where the seller discovers the buyer to be insolvent he may refuse delivery except for cash including payment for all goods theretofore delivered under ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-703 Seller's remedies in general
Where the buyer wrongfully rejects or revokes acceptance of goods or fails to make a payment due on or before delivery or repudiates with respect ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-704 Seller's right to identify goods to the contract notwithstanding breach or to salvage unfinished goods
(1) An aggrieved seller under the preceding section may (a) identify to the contract conforming goods not already identified if at the time he learned ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-705 Seller's stoppage of delivery in transit or otherwise
(1) The seller may stop delivery of goods in the possession of a carrier or other bailee when he discovers the buyer to be insolvent ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-706 Seller's resale including contract for resale
(1) Under the conditions stated in 12A:2-703 on seller's remedies, the seller may resell the goods concerned or the undelivered balance thereof. Where the resale ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-707 "Person in the position of a seller"
(1) A "person in the position of a seller" includes as against a principal an agent who has paid or become responsible for the price ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-708 Seller's damages for non-acceptance or repudiation
(1) Subject to subsection (2) and to the provisions of this Chapter with respect to proof of market price (12A:2-723), the measure of damages for ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-709 Action for the price
(1) When the buyer fails to pay the price as it becomes due the seller may recover, together with any incidental damages under the next ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-710 Seller's incidental damages
Incidental damages to an aggrieved seller include any commercially reasonable charges, expenses or commissions incurred in stopping delivery, in the transportation, care and custody of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-711 Buyer's remedies in general; buyer's security interest in rejected goods
(1) Where the seller fails to make delivery or repudiates or the buyer rightfully rejects or justifiably revokes acceptance then with respect to any goods ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-712 "Cover" ; buyer's procurement of substitute goods
(1) After a breach within the preceding section the buyer may "cover" by making in good faith and without unreasonable delay any reasonable purchase of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-713 Buyer's damages for non-delivery or repudiation
(1) Subject to the provisions of this Chapter with respect to proof of market price (12A:2-723), the measure of damages for non-delivery or repudiation by ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-714 Buyer's damages for breach in regard to accepted goods
(1) Where the buyer has accepted goods and given notification (subsection (3) of 12A:2-607) he may recover as damages for any non-conformity of tender the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-715 Buyer's incidental and consequential damages
(1) Incidental damages resulting from the seller's breach include expenses reasonably incurred in inspection, receipt, transportation and care and custody of goods rightfully rejected, any ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-716 Buyer's right to specific performance or replevin
12A:2-716. Buyer's Right to Specific Performance or Replevin. (1) Specific performance may be decreed where the goods are unique or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-717 Deduction of damages from the price
The buyer on notifying the seller of his intention to do so may deduct all or any part of the damages resulting from any breach ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-718 Liquidation or limitation of damages; deposits
(1) Damages for breach by either party may be liquidated in the agreement but only at an amount which is reasonable in the light of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-719 Contractual modification or limitation of remedy
(1) Subject to the provisions of subsections (2) and (3) of this section and of the preceding section on liquidation and limitation of damages, (a) ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-720 Effect of "cancellation" or "rescission" on claims for antecedent breach
Unless the contrary intention clearly appears, expressions of "cancellation" or "rescission" of the contract or the like shall not be construed as a renunciation or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-721 Remedies for fraud
Remedies for material misrepresentation or fraud include all remedies available under this Chapter for non-fraudulent breach. Neither rescission or a claim for rescission of the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-722 Who can sue third parties for injury to goods
Where a third party so deals with goods which have been identified to a contract for sale as to cause actionable injury to a party ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-723 Proof of market price: time and place
(1) If an action based on anticipatory repudiation comes to trial before the time for performance with respect to some or all of the goods, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-724 Admissibility of market quotations
Whenever the prevailing price or value of any goods regularly bought and sold in any established commodity market is in issue, reports in official publications ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2-725 Statute of limitations in contracts for sale
(1) An action for breach of any contract for sale must be commenced within four years after the cause of action has accrued. By the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-101 Short title
12A:2A-101. Short title. This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the "Uniform Commercial Code - Leases." L.1994,c.114,s.1. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-102 Scope
12A:2A-102. Scope. This chapter applies to any transaction, regardless of form, that creates a lease. L.1994,c.114,s.1. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-103 Definitions and index of definitions.
12A:2A-103. Definitions and index of definitions. (1) In this chapter unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Buyer ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-104 Leases subject to other law
12A:2A-104. Leases subject to other law. (1) A lease, although subject to this chapter, is also subject to any applicable: (a) certificate of title statute ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-105 Territorial application of chapter to goods covered by certificate of title
12A:2A-105. Territorial application of chapter to goods covered by certificate of title. Subject to the provisions of sections 12A:2A-304(3) and 12A:2A-305(3), with respect to goods ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-106 Limitation on power of parties to consumer lease to choose applicable law and judicial forum
12A:2A-106. Limitation on power of parties to consumer lease to choose applicable law and judicial forum. (1) If the law chosen by the parties to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-107 Waiver or renunciation of claim or right after default
12A:2A-107. Waiver or renunciation of claim or right after default. Any claim or right arising out of an alleged default or breach of warranty may ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-108 Unconscionability
12A:2A-108. Unconscionability. (1) If the court as a matter of law finds a lease contract or any clause of a lease contract to have been ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-109 Option to accelerate at will
12A:2A-109. Option to accelerate at will. (1) A term providing that one party or the party's successor in interest may accelerate payment or performance or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-201 Statute of frauds
12A:2A-201. Statute of frauds. (1) A lease contract is not enforceable by way of action or defense unless: (a) the total payments to be made ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-202 Final written expression: parol or extrinsic evidence
12A:2A-202. Final written expression: parol or extrinsic evidence. Terms with respect to which the confirmatory memoranda of the parties agree or which are otherwise set ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-203 Seals inoperative
12A:2A-203. Seals inoperative. The affixing of a seal to a writing evidencing a lease contract or an offer to enter into a lease contract does ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-204 Formation in general
12A:2A-204. Formation in general. (1) A lease contract may be made in any manner sufficient to show agreement, including conduct by both parties which recognizes ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-205 Firm offers
12A:2A-205. Firm offers. An offer by a merchant to lease goods to or from another person in a signed writing that by its terms gives ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-206 Offer and acceptance in formation of lease contract
12A:2A-206. Offer and acceptance in formation of lease contract. (1) Unless otherwise unambiguously indicated by the language or circumstances, an offer to make a lease ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-207 Course of performance or practical construction
12A:2A-207. Course of performance or practical construction. (1) If a lease contract involves repeated occasions for performance by either party with knowledge of the nature ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-208 Modification, rescission and waiver
12A:2A-208. Modification, rescission and waiver. (1) An agreement modifying a lease contract needs no consideration to be binding. (2) A signed lease agreement that excludes ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-209 Lessee under finance lease as beneficiary of supply contract
12A:2A-209. Lessee under finance lease as beneficiary of supply contract. (1) The benefit of a supplier's promises to the lessor under the supply contract and ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-210 Express warranties
12A:2A-210. Express warranties. (1) Express warranties by the lessor are created as follows: (a) Any affirmation of fact or promise made by the lessor to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-211 Warranties against interference and against infringement; lessee's obligation against infringement
12A:2A-211. Warranties against interference and against infringement; lessee's obligation against infringement. (1) There is in a lease contract a warranty that for the lease term ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-212 Implied warranty of merchantability
12A:2A-212. Implied warranty of merchantability. (1) Except in a finance lease, a warranty that the goods will be merchantable is implied in a lease contract ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-213 Implied warranty of fitness for particular purpose
12A:2A-213. Implied warranty of fitness for particular purpose. Except in a finance lease, if the lessor at the time the lease contract is made has ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-214 Exclusion or modification of warranties
12A:2A-214. Exclusion or modification of warranties. (1) Words or conduct relevant to the creation of an express warranty and words or conduct tending to negate ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-215 Cumulation and conflict of warranties express or implied
12A:2A-215. Cumulation and conflict of warranties express or implied. Warranties, whether express or implied, must be construed as consistent with each other and as cumulative, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-216 Third-party beneficiaries of express and implied warranties
12A:2A-216. Third-party beneficiaries of express and implied warranties. A warranty to or for the benefit of a lessee under this chapter, whether express or implied, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-217 Identification
12A:2A-217. Identification. Identification of goods as goods to which a lease contract refers may be made at any time and in any manner explicitly agreed ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-218 Insurance and proceeds
12A:2A-218. Insurance and proceeds. (1) A lessee obtains an insurable interest when existing goods are identified to the lease contract even though the goods identified ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-219 Risk of loss
12A:2A-219. Risk of loss. (1) Except in the case of a finance lease, risk of loss is retained by the lessor and does not pass ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-220 Effect of default on risk of loss
12A:2A-220. Effect of default on risk of loss. (1) Where risk of loss is to pass to the lessee and the time of passage is ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-221 Casualty to identified goods
12A:2A-221. Casualty to identified goods. If a lease contract requires goods identified when the lease contract is made, and the goods suffer casualty without fault ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-301 Enforceability of lease contract
12A:2A-301. Enforceability of lease contract. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, a lease contract is effective and enforceable according to its terms between the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-302 Title to and possession of goods
12A:2A-302. Title to and possession of goods. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, each provision of this chapter applies whether the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-303 Alienability of party's interest under lease contract or of lessor's residual interest in goods; delegation of performance; transfer of rights
12A:2A-303. Alienability of party's interest under lease contract or of lessor's residual interest in goods; delegation of performance; transfer of rights. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-304 Subsequent lease of goods by lessor
12A:2A-304. Subsequent lease of goods by lessor. (1) Subject to 12A:2A-303, a subsequent lessee from a lessor of goods under an existing lease contract obtains, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-305 Sale or sublease of goods by lessee
12A:2A-305. Sale or sublease of goods by lessee. (1) Subject to the provisions of 12A:2A-303, a buyer or sublessee from the lessee of goods under ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-306 Priority of certain liens arising by operation of law
12A:2A-306. Priority of certain liens arising by operation of law. If a person in the ordinary course of the person's business furnishes services or materials ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-307 Priority of liens arising by attachment or levy on, security interests in, and other claims to goods.
12A:2A-307. Priority of liens arising by attachment or levy on, security interests in, and other claims to goods. (1) Except ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-308 Special rights of creditors
12A:2A-308. Special rights of creditors. (1) A creditor of a lessor in possession of goods subject to a lease contract may treat the lease contract ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-309 Lessor's and lessee's rights when goods become fixtures
12A:2A-309. Lessor's and lessee's rights when goods become fixtures. (1) In this section: (a) goods are "fixtures" ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-310 Lessor's and lessee's rights when goods become accessions
12A:2A-310. Lessor's and lessee's rights when goods become accessions. (1) Goods are "accessions" when they are installed in or affixed to other goods. (2) The ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-311 Priority subject to subordination
12A:2A-311. Priority subject to subordination. Nothing in this chapter prevents subordination by agreement by any person entitled to priority. L.1994,c.114,s.1. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-401 Insecurity: adequate assurance of performance
12A:2A-401. Insecurity: adequate assurance of performance. (1) A lease contract imposes an obligation on each party that the other's expectation of receiving due performance will ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-402 Anticipatory repudiation
12A:2A-402. Anticipatory repudiation. If either party repudiates a lease contract with respect to a performance not yet due under the lease contract, the loss of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-403 Retraction of anticipatory repudiation
12A:2A-403. Retraction of anticipatory repudiation. (1) Until the repudiating party's next performance is due, the repudiating party can retract the repudiation unless, since the repudiation, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-404 Substituted performance
12A:2A-404. Substituted performance. (1) If without fault of the lessee, the lessor and the supplier, the agreed berthing, loading, or unloading facilities fail or the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-405 Excused performance
12A:2A-405. Excused performance. Subject to 12A:2A-404 on substituted performance, the following rules apply: (1) Delay in delivery or nondelivery in whole or in part by ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-406 Procedure on excused performance
12A:2A-406. Procedure on excused performance. (1) If the lessee receives notification of a material or indefinite delay or an allocation justified under 12A:2A-405, the lessee ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-407 Irrevocable promises: finance leases
12A:2A-407. Irrevocable promises: finance leases. (1) In the case of a finance lease that is not a consumer lease the lessee's promises under the lease ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-501 Default: procedure
12A:2A-501. Default: procedure. (1) Whether the lessor or the lessee is in default under a lease contract is determined by the lease agreement and this ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-502 Notice after default
12A:2A-502. Notice after default. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter or the lease agreement, the lessor or lessee in default under the lease contract ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-503 Modification or impairment of rights and remedies
12A:2A-503. Modification or impairment of rights and remedies. (1) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the lease agreement may include rights and remedies for ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-504 Liquidation of damages
12A:2A-504. Liquidation of damages. (1) Damages payable by either party for default, or any other act or omission, including indemnity for loss or diminution of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-505 Cancellation and termination and effect of cancellation, termination, rescission, or fraud on rights and remedies
12A:2A-505. Cancellation and termination and effect of cancellation, termination, rescission, or fraud on rights and remedies. (1) On cancellation of the lease contract, all obligations ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-506 Statute of limitations
12A:2A-506. Statute of limitations. (1) An action for default under a lease contract, including breach of warranty or indemnity, shall be commenced within 4 years ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-507 Proof of market rent: time and place
12A:2A-507. Proof of market rent: time and place. (1) Damages based on market rent (12A:2A-519 or 12A:2A-528) are determined according to the rent for the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-508 Lessee's remedies
12A:2A-508. Lessee's remedies. (1) If a lessor fails to deliver the goods in conformity to the lease contract (12A:2A-509) or repudiates the lease contract (12A:2A-402), ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-509 Lessee's rights on improper delivery; rightful rejection
12A:2A-509. Lessee's rights on improper delivery; rightful rejection. (1) Subject to the provisions of 12A:2A-510 on default in installment lease contracts, if the goods or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-510 Installment lease contracts: rejection and default
12A:2A-510. Installment lease contracts: rejection and default. (1) Under an installment lease contract a lessee may reject any delivery that is nonconforming if the nonconformity ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-511 Merchant lessee's duties as to rightfully rejected goods
12A:2A-511. Merchant lessee's duties as to rightfully rejected goods. (1) Subject to any security interest of a lessee (12A:2A-508(5)), if a lessor or a supplier ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-512 Lessee's duties as to rightfully rejected goods
12A:2A-512. Lessee's duties as to rightfully rejected goods. (1) Except as otherwise provided with respect to goods that threaten to decline in value speedily (12A:2A-511) ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-513 Cure by lessor of improper tender or delivery; replacement
12A:2A-513. Cure by lessor of improper tender or delivery; replacement. (1) If any tender or delivery by the lessor or the supplier is rejected because ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-514 Waiver of lessee's objections
12A:2A-514. Waiver of lessee's objections. (1) In rejecting goods, a lessee's failure to state a particular defect that is ascertainable by reasonable inspection precludes the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-515 Acceptance of goods
12A:2A-515. Acceptance of goods. (1) Acceptance of goods occurs after the lessee has had a reasonable opportunity to inspect the goods and (a) the lessee ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-516 Effect of acceptance of goods; notice of default; burden of establishing default after acceptance; notice of claim or litigation to person answerable over
12A:2A-516. Effect of acceptance of goods; notice of default; burden of establishing default after acceptance; notice of claim or litigation to person answerable over. (1) ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-517 Revocation of acceptance of goods
12A:2A-517. Revocation of acceptance of goods. (1) A lessee may revoke acceptance of a lot or commercial unit whose nonconformity substantially impairs its value to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-518 Cover; substitute goods
12A:2A-518. Cover; substitute goods. (1) After a default by a lessor under the lease contract of the type described in 12A:2A-508(1), or, if agreed, after ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-519 Lessee's damages for non-delivery, repudiation, default, and breach of warranty in regard to accepted goods
12A:2A-519. Lessee's damages for non-delivery, repudiation, default, and breach of warranty in regard to accepted goods. (1) Except as otherwise provided with respect to damages ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-520 Lessee's incidental and consequential damages
12A:2A-520. Lessee's incidental and consequential damages. (1) Incidental damages resulting from a lessor's default include expenses reasonably incurred in inspection, receipt, transportation, and care and ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-521 Lessee's right to specific performance or replevin
12A:2A-521. Lessee's right to specific performance or replevin. (1) Specific performance may be decreed if the goods are unique or in other proper circumstances. (2) ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-522 Lessee's right to goods on lessor's insolvency
12A:2A-522. Lessee's right to goods on lessor's insolvency. (1) Subject to subsection (2) and even though the goods have not been shipped, a lessee who ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-523 Lessor's remedies
12A:2A-523. Lessor's remedies. (1) If a lessee wrongfully rejects or revokes acceptance of goods or fails to make a payment when due or repudiates with ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-524 Lessor's right to identify goods to lease contract
12A:2A-524. Lessor's right to identify goods to lease contract. (1) After default by the lessee under the lease contract of the type described in 12A:2A-523(1) ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-525 Lessor's right to possession of goods
12A:2A-525. Lessor's right to possession of goods. (1) If a lessor discovers the lessee to be insolvent, the lessor may refuse to deliver the goods. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-526 Lessor's stoppage of delivery in transit or otherwise
12A:2A-526. Lessor's stoppage of delivery in transit or otherwise. (1) A lessor may stop delivery of goods in the possession of a carrier or other ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-527 Lessor's rights to dispose of goods
12A:2A-527. Lessor's rights to dispose of goods. (1) After a default by a lessee under the lease contract of the type described in 12A:2A-523(1) or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-528 Lessor's damages for nonacceptance, failure to pay, repudiation, or other default
12A:2A-528. Lessor's damages for nonacceptance, failure to pay, repudiation, or other default. (1) Except as otherwise provided with respect to damages liquidated in the lease ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-529 Lessor's action for the rent
12A:2A-529. Lessor's action for the rent. (1) After default by the lessee under the lease contract of the type described in 12A:2A-523(1) or 12A:2A-523(3)(a) or, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-530 Lessor's incidental damages
12A:2A-530. Lessor's incidental damages. Incidental damages to an aggrieved lessor include any commercially reasonable charges, expenses, or commissions incurred in stopping delivery, in the transportation, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-531 Standing to sue third parties for injury to goods
12A:2A-531. Standing to sue third parties for injury to goods. (1) If a third party so deals with goods that have been identified to a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:2A-532 Lessor's rights to residual interest
12A:2A-532. Lessor's rights to residual interest. In addition to any other recovery permitted by this chapter or other law, the lessor may recover from the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-101 Short title
This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code -- Negotiable Instruments. L.1995,c.28,s.1. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-102 Subject matter
a. This chapter applies to negotiable instruments. It does not apply to money, to payment orders governed by chapter 4A, or to securities governed by ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-103 Definitions
a. As used in this chapter: (1) "Acceptor" means a drawee who has accepted a draft. (2) "Drawee" means a person ordered in a draft ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-104 Negotiable instrument
a. Except as provided in subsections c. and d. of this section, "negotiable instrument" means an unconditional promise or order to pay a fixed amount ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-105 Issue of instrument
a. "Issue" means the first delivery of an instrument by the maker or drawer, whether to a holder or nonholder, for the purpose of giving ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-106 Unconditional promise or order
a. Except as provided in this section, for the purposes of subsection a. of 12A:3-104, a promise or order is unconditional unless it states an ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-107 Instrument payable in foreign money
Unless the instrument otherwise provides, an instrument that states the amount payable in foreign money may be paid in the foreign money or in an ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-108 Payable on demand or at definite time
a. A promise or order is "payable on demand" if it states that it is payable on demand or at sight, or otherwise indicates that ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-109 Payable to bearer or to order
a. A promise or order is payable to bearer if it: (1) states that it is payable to bearer or to the order of bearer ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-110 Identification of person to whom instrument is payable
a. The person to whom an instrument is initially payable is determined by the intent of the person, whether or not authorized, signing as, or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-111 Place of payment.
Except as otherwise provided for items in chapter 4, an instrument is payable at the place of payment stated in the instrument. If no place ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-112 Interest
a. Unless otherwise provided in the instrument, an instrument is not payable with interest, and interest on an interest-bearing instrument is payable from the date ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-113 Date of instrument
a. An instrument may be antedated or postdated. The date stated determines the time of payment if the instrument is payable at a fixed period ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-114 Contradictory terms of instrument
If an instrument contains contradictory terms, typewritten terms prevail over printed terms, handwritten terms prevail over both, and words prevail over numbers. L.1995,c.28,s.1. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-115 Incomplete instrument
a. "Incomplete instrument" means a signed writing, whether or not issued by the signer, the contents of which show at the time of signing that ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-116 Joint and several liability; contribution
a. Except as otherwise provided in the instrument, two or more persons who have the same liability on an instrument as makers, drawers, acceptors, indorsers ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-117 Other agreements affecting instrument
Subject to applicable law regarding exclusion of proof of contemporaneous or previous agreements, the obligation of a party to an instrument to pay the instrument ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-118 Statute of limitations
a. Except as provided in subsection e. of this section, an action to enforce the obligation of a party to pay a note payable at ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-119 Notice of right to defend action
In an action for breach of an obligation for which a third person is answerable over pursuant to this chapter or chapter 4 of Title ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-201 Negotiation
a. "Negotiation" means a transfer of possession, whether voluntary or involuntary, of an instrument by a person other than the issuer to a person who ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-202 Negotiation subject to rescission
a. Negotiation is effective even if obtained from an infant, a corporation exceeding its powers, or a person without capacity, by fraud, duress, or mistake, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-203 Transfer of instrument; rights acquired by transfer
a. An instrument is transferred when it is delivered by a person other than its issuer for the purpose of giving to the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-204 Indorsement
a. "Indorsement" means a signature, other than that of a signer as maker, drawer, or acceptor, that alone or accompanied by other words is made ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-205 Special indorsement; blank indorsement; anomalous indorsement
a. If an indorsement is made by the holder of an instrument, whether payable to an identified person or payable to bearer, and the indorsement ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-206 Restrictive indorsement
a. An indorsement limiting payment to a particular person or otherwise prohibiting further transfer or negotiation of the instrument is not effective to prevent further ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-207 Reacquisition
Reacquisition of an instrument occurs if it is transferred to a former holder, by negotiation or otherwise. A former holder who reacquires the instrument may ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-301 Person entitled to enforce instrument
"Person entitled to enforce" an instrument means the holder of the instrument, a nonholder in possession of the instrument who has the rights of a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-302 Holder in due course
a. Subject to subsection c. of this section and subsection d. of 12A:3-106, "holder in due course" means the holder of an instrument if: (1) ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-303 Value and consideration
a. An instrument is issued or transferred for value if: (1) the instrument is issued or transferred for a promise of performance, to the extent ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-304 Overdue instrument
a. An instrument payable on demand becomes overdue at the earliest of the following times: (1) on the day after the day demand for payment ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-305 Defenses and claims in recoupment
a. Except as stated in subsection b. of this section, the right to enforce the obligation of a party to pay an instrument is subject ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-306 Claims to an instrument
A person taking an instrument, other than a person having rights of a holder in due course, is subject to a claim of a property ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-307 Notice of breach of fiduciary duty
a. As used in this section: (1) "Fiduciary" means an agent, trustee, partner, corporate officer or director, or other representative owing a fiduciary duty with ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-308 Proof of signatures and status as holder in due course
a. In an action with respect to an instrument, the authenticity of, and authority to make, each signature on the instrument is admitted unless specifically ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-309 Enforcement of lost, destroyed, or stolen instrument
a. A person not in possession of an instrument is entitled to enforce the instrument if the person was in possession of the instrument and ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-310 Effect of instrument on obligation for which taken
a. Unless otherwise agreed, if a certified check, cashier's check, or teller's check is taken for an obligation, the obligation is discharged to the same ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-311 Accord and satisfaction by use of instrument
a. If a person against whom a claim is asserted proves that that person in good faith tendered an instrument to the claimant as full ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-312 Lost, destroyed, or stolen cashier's check, teller's check or certified check
1. 12A:3-312. Lost, Destroyed, or Stolen Cashier's Check, Teller's Check or Certified Check. a. In this section: (1) "Check" ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-401 Signature
a. A person is not liable on an instrument unless the person signed the instrument, or the person is represented by an agent or representative ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-402 Signature by representative
a. If a person acting, or purporting to act, as a representative signs an instrument by signing either the name of the represented person or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-403 Unauthorized signature
a. Unless otherwise provided in this chapter or chapter 4 of Title 12A of the New Jersey Statutes, an unauthorized signature is ineffective except as ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-404 Impostors; fictitious payees
a. If an impostor, by use of the mails or otherwise, induces the issuer of an instrument to issue the instrument to the impostor, or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-405 Employer's responsibility for fraudulent indorsement by employee
a. As used in this section: (1) "Employee" includes an independent contractor and employee of an independent contractor retained by the employer. (2) "Fraudulent indorsement" ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-406 Negligence contributing to forged signature or alteration of instrument
a. A person whose failure to exercise ordinary care substantially contributes to an alteration of an instrument or to the making of a forged signature ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-407 Alteration
a. "Alteration" means an unauthorized change in an instrument that purports to modify in any respect the obligation of a party, or an unauthorized addition ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-408 Drawee not liable on unaccepted draft
A check or other draft does not of itself operate as an assignment of funds in the hands of the drawee available for its payment, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-409 Acceptance of draft; certified check
a. "Acceptance" means the drawee's signed agreement to pay a draft as presented. It must be written on the draft and may consist of the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-410 Acceptance varying draft
a. If the terms of a drawee's acceptance vary from the terms of the draft as presented, the holder may refuse the acceptance and treat ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-411 Refusal to pay cashier's checks, teller's checks, and certified checks
a. As used in this section, "obligated bank" means the acceptor of a certified check or the issuer of a cashier's check or teller's check ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-412 Obligation of issuer of note or cashier's check
The issuer of a note or cashier's check or other draft drawn on the drawer is obliged to pay the instrument according to its terms ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-413 Obligation of acceptor
a. The acceptor of a draft is obliged to pay the draft according to its terms at the time it was accepted, even though the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-414 Obligation of drawer
a. This section does not apply to cashier's checks or other drafts drawn on the drawer. b. If an unaccepted draft is dishonored, the drawer ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-415 Obligation of indorser
a. Subject to subsections b., c., d. and e. of this section and to subsection d. of 12A:3-419, if an instrument is dishonored, an indorser ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-416 Transfer warranties
a. A person who transfers an instrument for consideration warrants to the transferee and, if the transfer is by indorsement, to any subsequent transferee that: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-417 Presentment warranties
a. If an unaccepted draft is presented to the drawee for payment or acceptance and the drawee pays or accepts the draft, the person obtaining ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-418 Payment or acceptance by mistake
a. Except as provided in subsection c. of this section, if the drawee of a draft pays or accepts the draft and the drawee acted ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-419 Instruments signed for accommodation
a. If an instrument is issued for value given for the benefit of a party to the instrument ("accommodated party") and ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-420 Conversion of instrument
a. The law applicable to conversion of personal property applies to instruments. An instrument is also converted if it is taken by transfer, other than ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-501 Presentment
a. "Presentment" means a demand made by or on behalf of a person entitled to enforce an instrument to pay the instrument made to the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-502 Dishonor
a. Dishonor of a note is governed by the following rules: (1) If the note is payable on demand, the note is dishonored if presentment ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-503 Notice of dishonor
a. The obligation of an indorser stated in subsection a. of 12A:3-415 and the obligation of a drawer stated in subsection d. of 12A:3-414 may ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-504 Excused presentment and notice of dishonor
a. Presentment for payment or acceptance of an instrument is excused if the person entitled to present the instrument cannot with reasonable diligence make presentment, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-505 Evidence of dishonor
a. The following are admissible as evidence and create a presumption of dishonor and of any notice of dishonor stated: (1) a document regular in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-601 Discharge and effect of discharge
a. The obligation of a party to pay the instrument is discharged as stated in this chapter or by an act or agreement with the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-602 Payment
a. Subject to subsection b. of this section, an instrument is paid to the extent payment is made by or on behalf of a party ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-603 Tender of payment
a. If tender of payment of an obligation to pay an instrument is made to a person entitled to enforce the instrument, the effect of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-604 Discharge by cancellation or renunciation
a. A person entitled to enforce an instrument, with or without consideration, may discharge the obligation of a party to pay the instrument by an ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:3-605 Discharge of indorsers and accommodation parties
a. In this section, the term "indorser" includes a drawer having the obligation described in subsection d. of 12A:3-414. b. Discharge, under 12A:3-604, of the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-101 Short title
This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code -- Bank Deposits and Collections. L.1995,c.28,s.2. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-102 Applicability
a. To the extent that items within this chapter are also within chapters 3 and 8, they are subject to those chapters. If there is ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-103 Variation by agreement; measure of damages; action constituting ordinary care
a. The effect of the provisions of this chapter may be varied by agreement, but the parties to the agreement cannot disclaim a bank's responsibility ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-104 Definitions and index of definitions.
12A:4-104. Definitions and Index of Definitions. a. In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires: (1) "Account" means any ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-105 "Bank"; "depositary bank"; "payor bank"; "intermediary bank"; "collecting bank"; "presenting bank"
As used in this chapter: a. "Bank" means a person engaged in the business of banking, including a savings bank, savings and loan association, credit ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-106 Payable through or payable at bank; collecting bank
a. If an item states that it is "payable through" a bank identified in the item, the item designates the bank as a collecting bank ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-107 Separate office of bank
A branch or separate office of a bank is a separate bank for the purpose of computing the time within which and determining the place ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-108 Time of receipt of items
a. For the purpose of allowing time to process items, prove balances, and make the necessary entries on its books to determine its position for ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-109 Delays
a. Unless otherwise instructed, a collecting bank in a good faith effort to secure payment of a specific item drawn on a payor other than ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-110 Electronic presentment
a. "Agreement for electronic presentment" means an agreement, clearing-house rule, or Federal Reserve regulation or operating circular, providing that presentment of an item may be ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-111 Statute of limitations
An action to enforce an obligation, duty, or right arising under this chapter must be commenced within three years after the cause of action accrues. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-201 Status of collecting bank as agent and provisional status of credits; applicability of chapter; item indorsed "pay any bank"
a. Unless a contrary intent clearly appears and before the time that a settlement given by a collecting bank for an item is or becomes ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-202 Responsibility for collection or return; when action is timely
a. A collecting bank must exercise ordinary care in: (1) presenting an item or sending it for presentment; (2) sending notice of dishonor or nonpayment ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-203 Effect of instructions
Subject to the provisions of chapter 3 concerning conversion of instruments (12A:3-420) and restrictive indorsements (12A:3-206), only a collecting bank's transferor can give instructions that ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-204 Methods of sending and presenting; sending directly to payor bank
a. A collecting bank shall send items by a reasonably prompt method, taking into consideration relevant instructions, the nature of the item, the number of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-205 Depositary bank holder of unindorsed item
If a customer delivers an item to a depositary bank for collection: a. the depositary bank becomes a holder of the item at the time ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-206 Transfer between banks
Any agreed method that identifies the transferor bank is sufficient for the item's further transfer to another bank. L.1995,c.28,s.2. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-207 Transfer warranties
a. A customer or collecting bank that transfers an item and receives a settlement or other consideration warrants to the transferee and to any subsequent ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-208 Presentment warranties
a. If an unaccepted draft is presented to the drawee for payment or acceptance and the drawee pays or accepts the draft, the person obtaining ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-209 Encoding and retention warranties
a. A person who encodes information on or with respect to an item after issue warrants to any subsequent collecting bank and to the payor ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-210 Security interest of collecting bank in items, accompanying documents and proceeds
12A:4-210. Security Interest of Collecting Bank in Items, Accompanying Documents and Proceeds. a. A collecting bank has a security interest ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-211 When bank gives value for purposes of holder in due course
For purposes of determining its status as a holder in due course, a bank has given value to the extent it has a security interest ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-212 Presentment by notice of item not payable by, through, or at bank; liability of drawer or indorser
a. Unless otherwise instructed, a collecting bank may present an item not payable by, through, or at a bank by sending to the party to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-213 Medium and time of settlement by bank
a. With respect to settlement by a bank, the medium and time of settlement may be prescribed by Federal Reserve regulations or circulars, clearing-house rules, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-214 Right of charge-back or refund; liability of collecting bank; return of item
a. If a collecting bank has made provisional settlement with its customer for an item and fails by reason of dishonor, suspension of payments by ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-215 Final payment of item by payor bank; when provisional debits and credits become final; when certain credits become available for withdrawal
a. An item is finally paid by a payor bank when the bank has first done any of the following: (1) paid the item in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-216 Insolvency and preference
a. If an item is in or comes into the possession of a payor or collecting bank that suspends payment and the item has not ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-301 Deferred posting; recovery of payment by return of items; time of dishonor; return of items by payor bank
a. If a payor bank settles for a demand item other than a documentary draft presented otherwise than for immediate payment over the counter before ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-302 Payor bank's responsibility for late return of item
a. If an item is presented to and received by a payor bank, the bank is accountable for the amount of: (1) a demand item, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-303 When items are subject to notice, stop-payment order, legal process, or setoff; order in which items may be charged or certified
a. Any knowledge, notice, or stop-payment order received by, legal process served upon, or setoff exercised by a payor bank comes too late to terminate, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-401 When bank may charge customer's account
a. A bank may charge against the account of a customer an item that is properly payable from that account even though the charge creates ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-402 Bank's liability to customer for wrongful dishonor; time of determining insufficiency of account
a. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, a payor bank wrongfully dishonors an item if it dishonors an item that is properly payable, but ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-403 Customer's right to stop payment; burden of proof of loss
a. A customer or any person authorized to draw on the account if there is more than one person may stop payment of any item ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-404 Bank not obliged to pay check more than six months old
A bank is under no obligation to a customer having a checking account to pay a check, other than a certified check, which is presented ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-405 Death or incompetence of customer
a. A payor or collecting bank's authority to accept, pay, or collect an item or to account for proceeds of its collection, if otherwise effective, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-406 Customer's duty to discover and report unauthorized signature or alteration
a. A bank that sends or makes available to a customer a statement of account showing payment of items for the account shall either return ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-407 Payor bank's right to subrogation on improper payment
If a payor bank has paid an item over the order of the drawer or maker to stop payment, or after an account has been ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-501 Handling of documentary drafts; duty to send for presentment and to notify customer of dishonor
A bank that takes a documentary draft for collection shall present or send the draft and accompanying documents for presentment and, upon learning that the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-502 Presentment of "on arrival" drafts
If a draft or the relevant instructions require presentment "on arrival," "when goods arrive" or the like, the collecting bank need not present until in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-503 Responsibility of presenting bank for documents and goods; report of reasons for dishonor; referee in case of need
a. Unless otherwise instructed and except as provided in chapter 5 of Title 12A, a bank presenting a documentary draft: (1) must deliver the documents ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4-504 Privilege of presenting bank to deal with goods; security interest for expenses
a. A presenting bank that, following the dishonor of a documentary draft, has seasonably requested instructions but does not receive them within a reasonable time ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-101 Short title
12A:4A-101. Short title. This chapter shall be known and may be cited as the "Uniform Commercial Code--Funds Transfers." L.1994,c.114,s.2. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-102 Subject matter
12A:4A-102. Subject matter. Except as otherwise provided in section 12A:4A-108, this chapter applies to funds transfers defined in section 12A:4A-104. L.1994,c.114,s.2. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-103 Payment order - definitions
12A:4A-103. Payment order - definitions. (1) In this chapter: (a) "Payment order" means an instruction of a sender to a receiving bank, transmitted orally, electronically, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-104 Funds transfer - definitions
12A:4A-104. Funds transfer - definitions. In this chapter: (1) "Funds transfer" means the series of transactions, beginning with the originator's payment order, made for the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-105 Other definitions
12A:4A-105. Other definitions. (1) In this chapter: (a) "Authorized account" means a deposit account of a customer in a bank designated by the customer as ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-106 Time payment order is received
12A:4A-106. Time payment order is received. (1) The time of receipt of a payment order or communication cancelling or amending a payment order is determined ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-107 Federal Reserve regulations and operating circulars
12A:4A-107. Federal Reserve regulations and operating circulars. Regulations of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and operating circulars of the Federal Reserve ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-108 Exclusion of consumer transactions governed by federal law
12A:4A-108. Exclusion of consumer transactions governed by federal law. This chapter does not apply to a funds transfer any part of which is governed by ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-201 Security procedure
12A:4A-201. Security procedure. "Security procedure" means a procedure established by agreement of a customer and a receiving bank for the purpose of (i) verifying that ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-202 Authorized and verified payment orders
12A:4A-202. Authorized and verified payment orders. (1) A payment order received by the receiving bank is the authorized order of the person identified as sender ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-203 Unenforceability of certain verified payment orders
12A:4A-203. Unenforceability of certain verified payment orders. (1) If an accepted payment order is not, under section 12A:4A-202(1), an authorized order of a customer identified ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-204 Refund of payment and duty of customer to report with respect to unauthorized payment order
12A:4A-204. Refund of payment and duty of customer to report with respect to unauthorized payment order. (1) If a receiving bank accepts a payment order ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-205 Erroneous payment orders
12A:4A-205. Erroneous payment orders. (1) If an accepted payment order was transmitted pursuant to a security procedure for the detection of error and the payment ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-206 Transmission of payment order through funds-transfer or other communication system
12A:4A-206. Transmission of payment order through funds-transfer or other communication system. (1) If a payment order addressed to a receiving bank is transmitted to a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-207 Misdescription of beneficiary
12A:4A-207. Misdescription of beneficiary. (1) Subject to subsection (2), if, in a payment order received by the beneficiary's bank, the name, bank account number, or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-208 Misdescription of intermediary bank or beneficiary's bank
12A:4A-208. Misdescription of intermediary bank or beneficiary's bank. (1) This subsection applies to a payment order identifying an intermediary bank or the beneficiary's bank only ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-209 Acceptance of payment order
12A:4A-209. Acceptance of payment order. (1) Subject to subsection (4), a receiving bank other than the beneficiary's bank accepts a payment order when it executes ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-210 Rejection of payment order
12A:4A-210. Rejection of payment order. (1) A payment order is rejected by the receiving bank by a notice of rejection transmitted to the sender orally, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-211 Cancellation and amendment of payment order
12A:4A-211. Cancellation and amendment of payment order. (1) A communication of the sender of a payment order cancelling or amending the order may be transmitted ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-212 Liability and duty of receiving bank regarding unaccepted payment order
12A:4A-212. Liability and duty of receiving bank regarding unaccepted payment order. If a receiving bank fails to accept a payment order that it is obliged ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-301 Execution and execution date
12A:4A-301. Execution and execution date. (1) A payment order is "executed" by the receiving bank when it issues a payment order intended to carry out ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-302 Obligations of receiving bank in execution of payment order
12A:4A-302. Obligations of receiving bank in execution of payment order. (1) Except as provided in subsections (2) through (4), if the receiving bank accepts a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-303 Erroneous execution of payment order
12A:4A-303. Erroneous execution of payment order. (1) A receiving bank that (i) executes the payment order of the sender by issuing a payment order in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-304 Duty of sender to report erroneously executed payment order
12A:4A-304. Duty of sender to report erroneously executed payment order. If the sender of a payment order that is erroneously executed as stated in section ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-305 Liability for late or improper execution or failure to execute payment order
12A:4A-305. Liability for late or improper execution or failure to execute payment order. (1) If a funds transfer is completed but execution of a payment ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-401 Payment date
12A:4A-401. Payment date. "Payment date" of a payment order means the day on which the amount of the order is payable to the beneficiary by ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-402 Obligation of sender to pay receiving bank
12A:4A-402. Obligation of sender to pay receiving bank. (1) This section is subject to sections 12A:4A-205 and 12A:4A-207. (2) With respect to a payment order ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-403 Payment by sender to receiving bank
12A:4A-403. Payment by sender to receiving bank. (1) Payment of the sender's obligation under section 12A:4A-402 to pay the receiving bank occurs as follows: (a) ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-404 Obligation of beneficiary's bank to pay and give notice to beneficiary
12A:4A-404. Obligation of beneficiary's bank to pay and give notice to beneficiary. (1) Subject to sections 12A:4A-211(5), 12A:4A-405(4), and 12A:4A-405(5), if a beneficiary's bank accepts ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-405 Payment by beneficiary's bank to beneficiary
12A:4A-405. Payment by beneficiary's bank to beneficiary. (1) If the beneficiary's bank credits an account of the beneficiary of a payment order, payment of the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-406 Payment by originator to beneficiary; discharge of underlying obligation
12A:4A-406. Payment by originator to beneficiary; discharge of underlying obligation. (1) Subject to sections 12A:4A-211(5), 12A:4A-405(4), and 12A:4A-405(5), the originator of a funds transfer pays ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-501 Variation by agreement and effect of funds-transfer system rule
12A:4A-501. Variation by agreement and effect of funds-transfer system rule. (1) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the rights and obligations of a party ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-502 Creditor process served on receiving bank; set-off by beneficiary's bank
12A:4A-502. Creditor process served on receiving bank; set-off by beneficiary's bank. (1) As used in this section, "creditor process" means levy, attachment, garnishment, notice of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-503 Injunction or restraining order with respect to funds transfer
12A:4A-503. Injunction or restraining order with respect to funds transfer. For proper cause and in compliance with applicable law, a court may restrain (i) a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-504 Order in which items and payment orders may be charged to account; order of withdrawals from account
12A:4A-504. Order in which items and payment orders may be charged to account; order of withdrawals from account. (1) If a receiving bank has received ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-505 Preclusion of objection to debit of customer's account
12A:4A-505. Preclusion of objection to debit of customer's account. If a receiving bank has received payment from its customer with respect to a payment order ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-506 Rate of interest
12A:4A-506. Rate of interest. (1) If, under this chapter, a receiving bank is obliged to pay interest with respect to a payment order issued to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:4A-507 Choice of law
12A:4A-507. Choice of law. (1) The following rules apply unless the affected parties otherwise agree or subsection (3) applies: (a) The rights and obligations between ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-101 Short title.
12A:5-101. Short Title. This chapter may be cited as "Uniform Commercial Code--Letters of Credit." L.1997,c.395,s.1. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-102 Definitions.
12A:5-102. Definitions. a. As used in this chapter: (1) "Adviser" means a person who, at the request ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-103 Scope.
12A:5-103. Scope. a. This chapter applies to letters of credit and to certain rights and obligations arising out of transactions ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-104 Formal requirements.
12A:5-104. Formal Requirements. A letter of credit, confirmation, advice, transfer, amendment, or cancellation may be issued in any form that is a record ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-105 Consideration.
12A:5-105. Consideration. Consideration is not required to issue, amend, transfer, or cancel a letter of credit, advice, or confirmation. L.1997,c.395,s.1. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-106 Issuance, amendment, cancellation, and duration.
12A:5-106. Issuance, Amendment, Cancellation, and Duration. a. A letter of credit is issued and becomes enforceable according to its terms ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-107 Confirmer, nominated person, and adviser.
12A:5-107. Confirmer, Nominated Person, and Adviser. a. A confirmer is directly obligated on a letter of credit and has the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-108 Issuer's rights and obligations.
12A:5-108. Issuer's Rights and Obligations. a. Except as otherwise provided in 12A:5-109, an issuer shall honor a presentation that, as ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-109 Fraud and forgery.
12A:5-109. Fraud and Forgery. a. If a presentation is made that appears on its face strictly to comply with the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-110 Warranties.
12A:5-110. Warranties. a. If its presentation is honored, the beneficiary warrants: (1) to the issuer, any other ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-111 Remedies.
12A:5-111. Remedies. a. If an issuer wrongfully dishonors or repudiates its obligation to pay money under a letter of credit ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-112 Transfer of letter of credit.
12A:5-112. Transfer of Letter of Credit. a. Except as otherwise provided in 12A:5-113, unless a letter of credit provides that ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-113 Transfer by operation of law.
12A:5-113. Transfer by Operation of Law. a. A successor of a beneficiary may consent to amendments, sign and present documents, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-114 Assignment of proceeds.
12A:5-114. Assignment of Proceeds. a. In this section, "proceeds of a letter of credit" means the cash, check, accepted draft, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-115 Statute of limitations.
12A:5-115. Statute of Limitations. An action to enforce a right or obligation arising under this chapter must be commenced within one year after ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-116 Choice of law and forum.
12A:5-116. Choice of Law and Forum. a. The liability of an issuer, nominated person, or adviser for action or omission ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-117 Subrogation of issuer, applicant, and nominated person.
12A:5-117. Subrogation of Issuer, Applicant, and Nominated Person. a. An issuer that honors a beneficiary's presentation is subrogated to the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:5-118 Security interest of issuer or nominated person
15. 12A:5-118. Security Interest of Issuer or Nominated Person. a. An issuer or nominated person has a security interest in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-101 Short title
This Chapter shall be known and may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Documents of Title. L.1961, c. 120, s. 7-101. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-102 Definitions and index of definitions
(1) In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Bailee" means the person who by a warehouse receipt, bill of lading or other document ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-103 Relation of chapter to treaty, statute, tariff, classification or regulation
To the extent that any treaty or statute of the United States, regulatory statute of this State or tariff, classification or regulation filed or issued ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-104 Negotiable and non-negotiable warehouse receipt, bill of lading or other document of title
(1) A warehouse receipt, bill of lading or other document of title is negotiable (a) if by its terms the goods are to be delivered ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-105 Construction against negative implication
The omission from either Subchapter 2 or Subchapter 3 of this Chapter of a provision corresponding to a provision made in the other Subchapter does ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-201 Who may issue a warehouse receipt; storage under government bond
(1) A warehouse receipt may be issued by any warehouseman. (2) Where goods including distilled spirits and agricultural commodities are stored under a statute requiring ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-202 Form of warehouse receipt; essential terms; optional terms
(1) A warehouse receipt need not be in any particular form. (2) Unless a warehouse receipt embodies within its written or printed terms each of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-203 Liability for non-receipt or misdescription
A party to or purchaser for value in good faith of a document of title other than a bill of lading relying in either case ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-204 Duty of care; contractual limitation of warehouseman's liability
(1) A warehouseman is liable for damages for loss of or injury to the goods caused by his failure to exercise such care in regard ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-205 Title under warehouse receipt defeated in certain cases
A buyer in the ordinary course of business of fungible goods sold and delivered by a warehouseman who is also in the business of buying ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-206 Termination of storage at warehouseman's option
(1) A warehouseman may on notifying the person on whose account the goods are held and any other person known to claim an interest in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-207 Goods must be kept separate; fungible goods
(1) Unless the warehouse receipt otherwise provides, a warehouseman must keep separate the goods covered by each receipt so as to permit at all times ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-208 Altered warehouse receipts
Where a blank in a negotiable warehouse receipt has been filled in without authority, a purchaser for value and without notice of the want of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-209 Lien of warehouseman.
(1) A warehouseman has a lien against the bailor on the goods covered by a warehouse receipt or on the proceeds thereof ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-210 Enforcement of warehouseman's lien
(1) Except as provided in subsection (2), a warehouseman's lien may be enforced by public or private sale of the goods in bloc or in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-301 Liability for non-receipt or misdescription; "said to contain" ; "shipper's load and count" ; improper handling
(1) A consignee of a non-negotiable bill who has given value in good faith or a holder to whom a negotiable bill has been duly ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-302 Through bills of lading and similar documents
(1) The issuer of a through bill of lading or other document embodying an undertaking to be performed in part by persons acting as its ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-303 Diversion; reconsignment; change of instructions
(1) Unless the bill of lading otherwise provides, the carrier may deliver the goods to a person or destination other than that stated in the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-304 Bills of lading in a set
(1) Except where customary in overseas transportation, a bill of lading must not be issued in a set of parts. The issuer is liable for ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-305 Destination bills
(1) Instead of issuing a bill of lading to the consignor at the place of shipment a carrier may at the request of the consignor ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-306 Altered bills of lading
An unauthorized alteration or filling in of a blank in a bill of lading leaves the bill enforceable according to its original tenor. L.1961, c. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-307 Lien of carrier
(1) A carrier has a lien on the goods covered by a bill of lading for charges subsequent to the date of its receipt of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-308 Enforcement of carrier's lien
(1) A carrier's lien may be enforced by public or private sale of the goods, in bloc or in parcels, at any time or place ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-309 Duty of care; contractual limitation of carrier's liability
(1) A carrier who issues a bill of lading whether negotiable or non-negotiable must exercise the degree of care in relation to the goods which ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-401 Irregularities in issue of receipt or bill or conduct of issuer
The obligations imposed by this Chapter on an issuer apply to a document of title regardless of the fact that (a) the document may not ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-402 Duplicate receipt or bill; overissue
Neither a duplicate nor any other document of title purporting to cover goods already represented by an outstanding document of the same issuer confers any ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-403 Obligation of warehouseman or carrier to deliver; excuse
(1) The bailee must deliver the goods to a person entitled under the document who complies with subsections (2) and (3), unless and to the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-404 No liability for good faith delivery pursuant to receipt or bill
A bailee who in good faith including observance of reasonable commercial standards has received goods and delivered or otherwise disposed of them according to the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-501 Form of negotiation and requirements of "due negotiation"
(1) A negotiable document of title running to the order of a named person is negotiated by his indorsement and delivery. After his indorsement in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-502 Rights acquired by due negotiation
(1) Subject to the following section and to the provisions of 12A:7-205 on fungible goods, a holder to whom a negotiable document of title has ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-503 Document of title to goods defeated in certain cases
12A:7-503. Document of Title to Goods Defeated in Certain Cases. (1) A document of title confers no right in goods ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-504 Rights acquired in the absence of due negotiation; effect of diversion; seller's stoppage of delivery
(1) A transferee of a document, whether negotiable or non-negotiable, to whom the document has been delivered but not duly negotiated, acquires the title and ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-505 Indorser not a guarantor for other parties
The indorsement of a document of title issued by a bailee does not make the indorser liable for any default by the bailee or by ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-506 Delivery without indorsement: right to compel indorsement
The transferee of a negotiable document of title has a specifically enforceable right to have his transferor supply any necessary indorsement but the transfer becomes ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-507 Warranties on negotiation or transfer of receipt or bill
Where a person negotiates or transfers a document of title for value otherwise than as a mere intermediary under the next following section, then unless ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-508 Warranties of collecting bank as to documents
A collecting bank or other intermediary known to be entrusted with documents on behalf of another or with collection of a draft or other claim ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-509 Receipt or bill: when adequate compliance with commercial contract
The question whether a document is adequate to fulfill the obligations of a contract for sale or the conditions of a credit is governed by ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-601 Lost and missing documents
(1) If a document has been lost, stolen or destroyed, a court may order delivery of the goods or issuance of a substitute document and ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-602 Attachment of goods covered by a negotiable document
Except where the document was originally issued upon delivery of the goods by a person who had no power to dispose of them, no lien ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:7-603 Conflicting claims; interpleader
If more than one person claims title or possession of the goods, the bailee is excused from delivery until he has had a reasonable time ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-101 Short Title.
This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Investment Securities. L.1997,c.252,s.1. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-102 Definitions.
a. In this chapter: (1) "Adverse claim" means a claim that a claimant has a property interest in a financial asset ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-103 Rule for determining whether certain obligations and interests are securities or financial assets.
12A:8-103. Rule for Determining whether Certain Obligations and Interests are Securities or Financial Assets. a. A share or similar equity ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-104 Acquisition of Security or Financial Asset or Interest Therein.
a. A person acquires a security or an interest therein, under this chapter, if: (1) the person is a purchaser to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-105 Notice of Adverse Claim.
a. A person has notice of an adverse claim if: (1) the person knows of the adverse claim; (2) ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-106 Control
12A:8-106. Control. a. A purchaser has "control" of a certificated security in bearer form if the certificated security is delivered ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-107 Whether Indorsement, Instruction, or Entitlement Order is Effective.
a. "Appropriate person" means: (1) with respect to an indorsement, the person specified by a security certificate or by an effective ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-108 Warranties in Direct Holding.
a. A person who transfers a certificated security to a purchaser for value warrants to the purchaser, and an indorser, if the transfer ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-109 Warranties in Indirect Holding.
a. A person who originates an entitlement order to a securities intermediary warrants to the securities intermediary that: (1) the entitlement ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-110 Applicability; choice of law.
12A:8-110. Applicability; Choice of Law. a. The local law of the issuer's jurisdiction, as specified in subsection d. of this ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-111 Clearing Corporation Rules.
A rule adopted by a clearing corporation governing rights and obligations among the clearing corporation and its participants in the clearing corporation is ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-112 Creditor's Legal Process.
a. The interest of a debtor in a certificated security may be reached by a creditor only by actual seizure of the security ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-113 Statute of Frauds Inapplicable.
A contract or modification of a contract for the sale or purchase of a security is enforceable whether or not there is a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-114 Evidentiary Rules Concerning Certificated Securities.
The following rules apply in an action on a certificated security against the issuer: (1) Unless specifically denied in the pleadings, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-115 Securities Intermediary and Others Not Liable to Adverse Claimant.
A securities intermediary that has transferred a financial asset pursuant to an effective entitlement order, or a broker or other agent or bailee ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-116 Securities Intermediary as Purchaser for Value.
A securities intermediary that receives a financial asset and establishes a security entitlement to the financial asset in favor of an entitlement holder ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-201 Issuer.
a. With respect to an obligation on or a defense to a security, an "issuer" includes a person that: (1) places ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-202 Issuer's Responsibility and Defenses; Notice of Defect or Defense.
a. Even against a purchaser for value and without notice, the terms of a certificated security include terms stated on the certificate and ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-203 Staleness as Notice of Defect or Defense.
After an act or event, other than a call that has been revoked, creating a right to immediate performance of the principal obligation ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-204 Effect of Issuer's Restriction on Transfer.
A restriction on transfer of a security imposed by the issuer, even if otherwise lawful, is ineffective against a person without knowledge of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-205 Effect of Unauthorized Signature on Security Certificate.
An unauthorized signature placed on a security certificate before or in the course of issue is ineffective, but the signature is effective in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-206 Completion or Alteration of Security Certificate.
a. If a security certificate contains the signatures necessary to its issue or transfer but is incomplete in any other respect: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-207 Rights and Duties of Issuer with Respect to Registered Owners.
a. Before due presentment for registration of transfer of a certificated security in registered form or of an instruction requesting registration of transfer ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-208 Effect of Signature of Authenticating Trustee, Registrar, or Transfer Agent.
a. A person signing a security certificate as authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer agent, or the like, warrants to a purchaser for value of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-209 Issuer's Lien.
A lien in favor of an issuer upon a certificated security is valid against a purchaser only if the right of the issuer ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-210 Overissue.
a. In this section, "overissue" means the issue of securities in excess of the amount the issuer has corporate power to issue, but ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-301 Delivery
12A:8-301. Delivery. a. Delivery of a certificated security to a purchaser occurs when: (1) the purchaser acquires ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-302 Rights of purchaser
12A:8-302. Rights of Purchaser. a. Except as otherwise provided in subsections b. and c. of this section, a purchaser of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-303 Protected Purchaser.
a. "Protected purchaser" means a purchaser of a certificated or uncertificated security, or of an interest therein, who: (1) gives value; ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-304 Indorsement.
a. An indorsement may be in blank or special. An indorsement in blank includes an indorsement to bearer. A special indorsement specifies to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-305 Instruction.
a. If an instruction has been originated by an appropriate person but is incomplete in any other respect, any person may complete it ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-306 Effect of Guaranteeing Signature, Indorsement, or Instruction.
a. A person who guarantees a signature of an indorser of a security certificate warrants that at the time of signing: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-307 Purchaser's Right to Requisites for Registration of Transfer.
Unless otherwise agreed, the transferor of a security on due demand shall supply the purchaser with proof of authority to transfer or with ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-401 Duty of Issuer to Register Transfer.
a. If a certificated security in registered form is presented to an issuer with a request to register transfer or an instruction is ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-402 Assurance that Indorsement or Instruction is Effective.
a. An issuer may require the following assurance that each necessary indorsement or each instruction is genuine and authorized: (1) in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-403 Demand That Issuer Not Register Transfer.
a. A person who is an appropriate person to make an indorsement or originate an instruction may demand that the issuer not register ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-404 Wrongful Registration.
a. Except as otherwise provided in 12A:8-406, an issuer is liable for wrongful registration of transfer if the issuer has registered a transfer ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-405 Replacement of Lost, Destroyed, or Wrongfully Taken Security.
a. If an owner of a certificated security, whether in registered or bearer form, claims that the certificate has been lost, destroyed, or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-406 Obligation to Notify Issuer of Lost, Destroyed, or Wrongfully Taken Security Certificate.
If a security certificate has been lost, apparently destroyed, or wrongfully taken, and the owner fails to notify the issuer of that fact ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-407 Authenticating Trustee, Transfer Agent, and Registrar.
A person acting as authenticating trustee, transfer agent, registrar, or other agent for an issuer in the registration of a transfer of its ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-501 Securities Account; Acquisition of Security Entitlement from Securities Intermediary.
a. "Securities account" means an account to which a financial asset is or may be credited in accordance with an agreement under which ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-502 Assertion of Adverse Claim Against Entitlement Holder.
An action based on an adverse claim to a financial asset, whether framed in conversion, replevin, constructive trust, equitable lien, or other theory, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-503 Property Interest of Entitlement Holder in Financial Asset held by Securities Intermediary.
a. To the extent necessary for a securities intermediary to satisfy all security entitlements with respect to a particular financial asset, all interests ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-504 Duty of Securities Intermediary to Maintain Financial Asset.
a. A securities intermediary shall promptly obtain and thereafter maintain a financial asset in a quantity corresponding to the aggregate of all security ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-505 Duty of Securities Intermediary with Respect to Payments and Distributions.
a. A securities intermediary shall take action to obtain a payment or distribution made by the issuer of a financial asset. A securities ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-506 Duty of Securities Intermediary to Exercise Rights as Directed by Entitlement Holder.
A securities intermediary shall exercise rights with respect to a financial asset if directed to do so by an entitlement holder. A securities ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-507 Duty of Securities Intermediary to Comply with Entitlement Order.
a. A securities intermediary shall comply with an entitlement order if the entitlement order is originated by the appropriate person, the securities intermediary ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-508 Duty of Securities Intermediary to Change Entitlement Holder's Position to Other Form of Security Holding.
A securities intermediary shall act at the direction of an entitlement holder to change a security entitlement into another available form of holding ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-509 Specification of Duties of Securities Intermediary by Other Statute or Regulation; Manner of Performance of Duties of Securities Intermediary and Exercise of Rights of Entitlement Holder.
a. If the substance of a duty imposed upon a securities intermediary by 12A:8-504 through 12A:8-508 is the subject of other statute, regulation, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-510 Rights of purchaser of security entitlement from entitlement holder.
12A:8-510. Rights of Purchaser of Security Entitlement from Entitlement Holder. a. In a case not covered by the priority rules ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-511 Priority among Security Interests and Entitlement Holders.
a. Except as otherwise provided in subsections b. and c. of this section, if a securities intermediary does not have sufficient interests in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:8-601 Savings Clause.
a. This act does not affect an action or proceeding commenced before this act takes effect. b. If a security interest ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-101 Short title
12A:9-101. Short Title. This chapter may be cited as "Uniform Commercial Code-Secured Transactions." L.2001, c.117, s.1. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-102 Definitions and index of definitions.
12A:9-102. Definitions and Index of Definitions. (a) Chapter 9 definitions. In this chapter: (1) "Accession" means goods ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-103 Purchase-money security interest; application of payments; burden of establishing.
12A:9-103. Purchase-Money Security Interest; Application of Payments; Burden of Establishing. (a) Definitions. In this section: (1) "purchase-money ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-104 Control of deposit account.
12A:9-104. Control of Deposit Account. (a) Requirements for control. A secured party has control of a deposit account if: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-105 Control of electronic chattel paper.
12A:9-105. Control of Electronic Chattel Paper. A secured party has control of electronic chattel paper if the record or records comprising ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-106 Control of investment property.
12A:9-106. Control of Investment Property. (a) Control under 12A:8-106. A person has control of a certificated security, uncertificated security, or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-107 Control of letter-of-credit right
12A:9-107. Control of Letter-of-Credit Right. A secured party has control of a letter-of-credit right to the extent of any right to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-108 Sufficiency of description.
12A:9-108. Sufficiency of Description. (a) Sufficiency of description. Except as otherwise provided in subsections (c), (d), (e) and (f), a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-109 Scope.
12A:9-109. Scope. (a) General scope of chapter. Except as otherwise provided in subsections (c) and (d), this chapter applies to: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-110 Security interests arising under Chapter 2 or 2A
12A:9-110. Security Interests Arising under Chapter 2 or 2A. A security interest arising under 12A:2-401, 12A:2-505, 12A:2-711(3), or 12A:2A-508(5) is subject ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-201 General effectiveness of security agreement.
12A:9-201. General Effectiveness of Security Agreement. (a) General effectiveness. Except as otherwise provided in the Uniform Commercial Code, a security ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-202 Title to collateral immaterial
12A:9-202. Title to Collateral Immaterial. Except as otherwise provided with respect to consignments or sales of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-203 Attachment and enforceability of security interest; proceeds; supporting obligations; formal requisites.
12A:9-203. Attachment and Enforceability of Security Interest; Proceeds; Supporting Obligations; Formal Requisites. (a) Attachment. A security interest attaches to collateral ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-204 After-acquired property, future advances.
12A:9-204. After-acquired Property; Future Advances. (a) After-acquired collateral. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b), a security agreement may create ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-205 Use or disposition of collateral permissible.
12A:9-205. Use or Disposition of Collateral Permissible. (a) When security interest not invalid or fraudulent. A security interest is not ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-206 Security interest arising in purchase or delivery of financial asset.
12A:9-206. Security Interest Arising in Purchase or Delivery of Financial Asset. (a) Security interest when person buys through securities intermediary. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-207 Rights and duties of secured party having possession or control of collateral.
12A:9-207. Rights and Duties of Secured Party Having Possession or Control of Collateral. (a) Duty of care when secured party ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-208 Additional duties of secured party having control of collateral.
12A:9-208. Additional Duties of Secured Party Having Control of Collateral. (a) Applicability of section. This section applies to cases in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-209 Duties of secured party if account debtor has been notified of assignment.
12A:9-209. Duties of Secured Party If Account Debtor Has Been Notified of Assignment. (a) Applicability of section. Except as otherwise ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-210 Request for accounting; request regarding list of collateral or statement of account.
12A:9-210. Request for Accounting; Request Regarding List of Collateral or Statement of Account. (a) Definitions. In this section: (1) ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-301 Law governing perfection and priority of security interests.
12A:9-301. Law Governing Perfection and Priority of Security Interests. Except as otherwise provided in sections 12A:9-303 through 12A:9-306, the following rules ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-302 Law governing perfection and priority of agricultural liens
12A:9-302. Law Governing Perfection and Priority of Agricultural Liens. While farm products are located in a jurisdiction, the local law of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-303 Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in goods covered by a certificate of title.
12A:9-303. Law Governing Perfection and Priority of Security Interests in Goods Covered by a Certificate of Title. (a) Applicability of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-304 Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in deposit accounts.
12A:9-304. Law Governing Perfection and Priority of Security Interests in Deposit Accounts. (a) Law of bank's jurisdiction governs. The local ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-305 Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in investment property.
12A:9-305. Law Governing Perfection and Priority of Security Interests in Investment Property. (a) Governing law: general rules. Except as otherwise ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-306 Law governing perfection and priority of security interests in letter-of-credit rights.
12A:9-306. Law Governing Perfection and Priority of Security Interests in Letter-of-Credit Rights. (a) Governing law: issuer's or nominated person's jurisdiction. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-307 Location of debtor.
12A:9-307. Location of Debtor. (a) "Place of business." In this section, "place of business" means a place where a debtor ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-308 When security interest or agricultural lien is perfected; continuity of perfection.
12A:9-308. When Security Interest or Agricultural Lien Is Perfected; Continuity of Perfection. (a) Perfection of security interest. Except as otherwise ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-309 Security interest perfected upon attachment.
12A:9-309. Security Interest Perfected upon Attachment. The following security interests are perfected when they attach: (1) a purchase-money ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-310 When filing required to perfect security interest or agricultural lien; security interests and agricultural liens to which filing provisions do not apply.
12A:9-310. When Filing Required to Perfect Security Interest or Agricultural Lien; Security Interests and Agricultural Liens to Which Filing Provisions Do Not Apply. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-311 Perfection of security interests in property subject to certain statutes, regulations, and treaties.
12A:9-311. Perfection of Security Interests in Property Subject to Certain Statutes, Regulations, and Treaties. (a) Security interest subject to other ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-312 Perfection of security interests in chattel paper, deposit accounts, documents, goods covered by documents, instruments, investment property, letter-of-credit rights, and money; perfection by permissive filing; temporary perfection without filing or transfer of possession.
12A:9-312. Perfection of Security Interests in Chattel Paper, Deposit Accounts, Documents, Goods Covered by Documents, Instruments, Investment Property, Letter-of-credit Rights, and Money; Perfection ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-313 When possession by or delivery to secured party perfects security interest without filing.
12A:9-313. When Possession by or Delivery to Secured Party Perfects Security Interest Without Filing. (a) Perfection by possession or delivery. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-314 Perfection by control.
12A:9-314. Perfection by Control. (a) Perfection by control. A security interest in investment property, deposit accounts, letter-of-credit rights, or electronic ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-315 Secured party's rights on disposition of collateral and in proceeds.
12A:9-315. Secured Party's Rights on Disposition of Collateral and in Proceeds. (a) Disposition of collateral: continuation of security interest or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-316 Continued perfection of security interest following change in governing law.
12A:9-316. Continued Perfection of Security Interest Following Change in Governing Law. (a) General rule: effect on perfection of change in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-317 Interests that take priority over or take free of security interest or agricultural lien.
12A:9-317. Interests That Take Priority Over or Take Free of Security Interest or Agricultural Lien. (a) Conflicting security interests and ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-318 No Interest retained in right to payment that is sold; rights and title of seller of account or chattel paper with respect to creditors and purchasers.
12A:9-318. No Interest Retained in Right to Payment That Is Sold; Rights and Title of Seller of Account or Chattel Paper with Respect ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-319 Rights and title of consignee with respect to creditors and purchasers.
12A:9-319. Rights and Title of Consignee with Respect to Creditors and Purchasers. (a) Consignee has consignor's rights. Except as otherwise ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-320 Buyer of goods.
12A:9-320. Buyer of Goods. (a) Buyer in ordinary course of business. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (e), a buyer ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-321 Licensee of general intangible and lessee of goods in ordinary course of business.
12A:9-321. Licensee of General Intangible and Lessee of Goods in Ordinary Course of Business. (a) "Licensee in ordinary course of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-322 Priorities among conflicting security interests in and agricultural liens on same collateral.
12A:9-322. Priorities Among Conflicting Security Interests in and Agricultural Liens on Same Collateral. (a) General priority rules. Except as otherwise ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-323 Future advances.
12A:9-323. Future Advances. (a) When priority based on time of advance. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (c), for purposes ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-324 Priority of purchase-money security interests.
12A:9-324. Priority of Purchase-Money Security Interests. (a) General rule: purchase-money priority. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (g), a perfected ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-325 Priority of security interests in transferred collateral.
12A:9-325. Priority of Security Interests in Transferred Collateral. (a) Subordination of security interest in transferred collateral. Except as otherwise provided ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-326 Priority of security interests created by new debtor.
12A:9-326. Priority of Security Interests Created by New Debtor. (a) Subordination of security interest created by new debtor. Subject to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-327 Priority of security interests in deposit account.
12A:9-327. Priority of Security Interests in Deposit Account. The following rules govern priority among conflicting security interests in the same deposit ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-328 Priority of security interests in investment property.
12A:9-328. Priority of Security Interests in Investment Property. The following rules govern priority among conflicting security interests in the same investment ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-329 Priority of security interests in letter-of-credit right.
12A:9-329. Priority of Security Interests in Letter-of-Credit Right. The following rules govern priority among conflicting security interests in the same letter-of-credit ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-330 Priority of purchaser of chattel paper or instrument.
12A:9-330. Priority of Purchaser of Chattel Paper or Instrument. (a) Purchaser's priority: security interest claimed merely as proceeds. A purchaser ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-331 Priority of rights of purchasers of instruments, documents, and securities under other chapters; priority of interests in financial assets and security entitlements under chapter 8.
12A:9-331. Priority of Rights of Purchasers of Instruments, Documents, and Securities Under Other Chapters; Priority of Interests in Financial Assets and Security Entitlements ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-332 Transfer of money; transfer of funds from deposit account.
12A:9-332. Transfer of Money; Transfer of Funds from Deposit Account. (a) Transferee of money. A transferee of money takes the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-333 Priority of certain liens arising by operation of law.
12A:9-333. Priority of Certain Liens Arising by Operation of Law. (a) "Possessory lien." In this section, "possessory lien" means an ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-334 Priority of security interests in fixtures and crops.
12A:9-334. Priority of Security Interests in Fixtures and Crops. (a) Security interest in fixtures under this chapter. A security interest ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-335 Accessions.
12A:9-335. Accessions. (a) Creation of security interest in accession. A security interest may be created in an accession and continues ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-336 Commingled goods.
12A:9-336. Commingled Goods. (a) "Commingled goods." In this section, "commingled goods" means goods that are physically united with other goods ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-337 Priority of security interests in goods covered by certificate of title.
12A:9-337. Priority of Security Interests in Goods Covered by Certificate of Title. If, while a security interest in goods is perfected ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-338 Priority of security interest or agricultural lien perfected by filed financing statement providing certain incorrect information.
12A:9-338. Priority of Security Interest or Agricultural Lien Perfected by Filed Financing Statement Providing Certain Incorrect Information. If a security interest ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-339 Priority subject to subordination
12A:9-339. Priority Subject to Subordination. This chapter does not preclude subordination by agreement by a person entitled to priority. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-340 Effectiveness of right of recoupment or set-off against deposit account.
12A:9-340. Effectiveness of Right of Recoupment or Set-off Against Deposit Account. (a) Exercise of recoupment or set-off. Except as otherwise ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-341 Bank's Rights and Duties with Respect to Deposit Account.
12A:9-341. Bank's rights and duties with respect to deposit account. Except as otherwise provided in 12A:9-340 (c), and unless the bank ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-342 Bank's right to refuse to enter into or disclose existence of control agreement.
12A:9-342. Bank's Right to Refuse to Enter into or Disclose Existence of Control Agreement. This chapter does not require a bank ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-401 Alienability of debtor's rights.
12A:9-401. Alienability of Debtor's Rights. (a) Other law governs alienability; exceptions. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b) and 12A:9-406, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-402 Secured party not obligated on contract of debtor or in tort
12A:9-402. Secured Party Not Obligated on Contract of Debtor or in Tort. The existence of a security interest, agricultural lien, or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-403 Agreement not to assert defenses against assignee.
12A:9-403. Agreement Not to Assert Defenses Against Assignee. (a) "Value." In this section, "value" has the meaning provided in 12A:3-303 ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-404 Rights acquired by assignee; claims and defenses against assignee.
12A:9-404. Rights Acquired by Assignee; Claims and Defenses Against Assignee. (a) Assignee's rights subject to terms, claims, and defenses; exceptions. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-405 Modification of assigned contract.
12A:9-405. Modification of Assigned Contract. (a) Effect of modification on assignee. A modification of or substitution for an assigned contract ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-406 Discharge of account debtor; notification of assignment; identification and proof of assignment; restrictions on assignment of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, and promissory notes ineffective.
12A:9-406. Discharge of Account Debtor; Notification of Assignment; Identification and Proof of Assignment; Restrictions on Assignment of Accounts, Chattel Paper, Payment Intangibles, and ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-407 Restrictions on creation or enforcement of security interest in leasehold interest or in lessor's residual interest.
12A:9-407. Restrictions on Creation or Enforcement of Security Interest in Leasehold Interest or in Lessor's Residual Interest. (a) Term restricting ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-408 Restrictions on assignment of promissory notes, health-care-insurance receivables, and certain general intangibles ineffective.
12A:9-408. Restrictions on Assignment of Promissory Notes, Health-care-insurance Receivables, and Certain General Intangibles Ineffective. (a) Term restricting assignment generally ineffective. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-409 Restrictions on assignment of letter-of-credit rights ineffective.
12A:9-409. Restrictions on Assignment of Letter-of-credit Rights Ineffective. (a) Term or law restricting assignment generally ineffective. A term in a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-501 Filing office.
12A:9-501. Filing Office. (a) Filing offices. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b), if the local law of this State ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-502 Contents of financing statement; record of mortgage as financing statement; time of filing financing statement.
12A:9-502. Contents of Financing Statement; Record of Mortgage as Financing Statement; Time of Filing Financing Statement. (a) Sufficiency of financing ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-503 Name of debtor and secured party.
12A:9-503. Name of Debtor and Secured Party. (a) Sufficiency of debtor's name. A financing statement sufficiently provides the name of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-504 Indication of collateral.
12A:9-504. Indication of Collateral. A financing statement sufficiently indicates the collateral that it covers if the financing statement provides: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-505 Filing and compliance with other statutes and treaties for consignments, leases, other bailments, and other transactions.
12A:9-505. Filing and Compliance with Other Statutes and Treaties for Consignments, Leases, Other Bailments, and Other Transactions. (a) Use of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-506 Effect of errors or omissions.
12A:9-506. Effect of Errors or Omissions. (a) Minor errors and omissions. A financing statement substantially satisfying the requirements of this ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-507 Effect of certain events on effectiveness of financing statement.
12A:9-507. Effect of Certain Events on Effectiveness of Financing Statement. (a) Disposition. A filed financing statement remains effective with respect ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-508 Effectiveness of financing statement if new debtor becomes bound by security agreement.
12A:9-508. Effectiveness of Financing Statement If New Debtor Becomes Bound by Security Agreement. (a) Financing statement naming original debtor. Except ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-509 Persons entitled to file record.
12A:9-509. Persons Entitled to File a Record. (a) Person entitled to file record. A person may file an initial financing statement, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-510 Effectiveness of filed record.
12A:9-510. Effectiveness of Filed Record. (a) Filed record effective if authorized. A filed record is effective only to the extent ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-511 Secured party of record.
12A:9-511. Secured Party of Record. (a) Secured party of record. A secured party of record with respect to a financing ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-512 Amendment of financing statement.
12A:9-512. Amendment of Financing Statement. (a) Amendment of information in financing statement. Subject to 12A:9-509, a person may add or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-513 Termination statement.
12A:9-513. Termination Statement. (a) Consumer goods. A secured party shall cause the secured party of record for a financing statement ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-514 Assignment of powers of secured party of record.
12A:9-514. Assignment of Powers of Secured Party of Record. (a) Assignment reflected on initial financing statement. Except as otherwise provided ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-515 Duration and effectiveness of financing statement; effect of lapsed financing statement.
12A:9-515. Duration and Effectiveness of Financing Statement; Effect of Lapsed Financing Statement. (a) Five-year effectiveness. Except as otherwise provided in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-516 What constitutes filing; effectiveness of filing.
12A:9-516. What Constitutes Filing; Effectiveness of Filing. (a) What constitutes filing. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b), communication of ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-517 Effect of indexing errors
12A:9-517. Effect of Indexing Errors. The failure of the filing office to index a record correctly does not affect the effectiveness ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-518 Claim concerning inaccurate or wrongfully filed record.
12A:9-518. Claim Concerning Inaccurate or Wrongfully Filed Record. (a) Correction statement. A person may file in the filing office a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-519 Numbering, maintaining, and indexing records; communicating information provided in records.
12A:9-519. Numbering, Maintaining, and Indexing Records; Communicating Information Provided in Records. (a) Filing office duties. For each record filed in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-520 Acceptance and refusal to accept record.
12A:9-520. Acceptance and Refusal to Accept Record. (a) Mandatory refusal to accept record. A filing office shall refuse to accept ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-521 Uniform form of written financing statement and amendment
12A:9-521. Uniform Form of Written Financing Statement and Amendment. (a) Initial financing statement form. A filing office that accepts written ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-522 Maintenance and destruction of records.
12A:9-522. Maintenance and Destruction of Records. (a) Post-lapse maintenance and retrieval of information. The filing office shall maintain a record ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-523 Information from filing office; sale or license of records.
12A:9-523. Information from Filing Office; Sale or License of Records. (a) Acknowledgment of filing written record. If a person that ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-524 Delay by filing office.
12A:9-524. Delay by Filing Office. Delay by the filing office beyond a time limit prescribed by this part is excused if: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-525 Fees
12A:9-525. Fees. (a) Initial financing statement or other record: general rule. Except as otherwise provided in subsection (d), the fees for filing and ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-526 Filing-office rules.
12A:9-526. Filing-Office Rules. (a) Adoption of filing-office rules. The Division of Commercial Recording or other office designated by Executive Order ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-601 Rights after default; judicial enforcement; consignor or buyer of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes.
12A:9-601. Rights After Default; Judicial Enforcement; Consignor or Buyer of Accounts, Chattel Paper, Payment Intangibles, or Promissory Notes. (a) Rights ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-602 Waiver and variance of rights and duties.
12A:9-602. Waiver and Variance of Rights and Duties. Except as otherwise provided in 12A:9-624, to the extent that they give rights ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-603 Agreement on standards concerning rights and duties.
12A:9-603. Agreement on Standards Concerning Rights and Duties. (a) Agreed standards. The parties may determine by agreement the standards measuring ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-604 Procedure if security agreement covers real property or fixtures.
12A:9-604. Procedure If Security Agreement Covers Real Property or Fixtures. (a) Enforcement: personal and real property. If a security agreement ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-605 Unknown debtor or secondary obligor.
12A:9-605. Unknown Debtor or Secondary Obligor. A secured party does not owe a duty based on its status as secured party: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-606 Time of default for agricultural lien
12A:9-606. Time of Default for Agricultural Lien. For purposes of this part, a default occurs in connection with an agricultural lien ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-607 Collection and enforcement by secured party.
12A:9-607. Collection and Enforcement by Secured Party. (a) Collection and enforcement generally. If so agreed, and in any event after ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-608 Application of proceeds of collection or enforcement; liability for deficiency and right to surplus.
12A:9-608. Application of Proceeds of Collection or Enforcement; Liability for Deficiency and Right to Surplus. (a) Application of proceeds, surplus, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-609 Secured party's right to take possession after default.
12A:9-609. Secured Party's Right to Take Possession after Default. (a) Possession; rendering equipment unusable; disposition on debtor's premises. After default, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-610 Disposition of collateral after default.
12A:9-610. Disposition of Collateral after Default. (a) Disposition after default. After default, a secured party may sell, lease, license, or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-611 Notification before disposition of collateral.
12A:9-611. Notification Before Disposition of Collateral. (a) "Notification date." In this section, "notification date" means the earlier of the date ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-612 Timeliness of notification before disposition of collateral.
12A:9-612. Timeliness of Notification Before Disposition of Collateral. (a) Reasonable time is question of fact. Except as otherwise provided in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-613 Contents and form of notification before disposition of collateral: general.
12A:9-613. Contents and Form of Notification Before Disposition of Collateral: General. Except in a consumer-goods transaction, the following rules apply: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-614 Contents and form of notification before disposition of collateral: consumer-goods transaction.
12A:9-614. Contents and Form of Notification Before Disposition of Collateral: Consumer-goods Transaction. In a consumer-goods transaction, the following rules apply: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-615 Application of proceeds of disposition; liability for deficiency and right to surplus.
12A:9-615. Application of Proceeds of Disposition; Liability for Deficiency and Right to Surplus. (a) Application of proceeds. A secured party ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-616 Explanation of calculation of surplus or deficiency.
12A:9-616. Explanation of Calculation of Surplus or Deficiency. (a) Definitions. In this section: (1) "Explanation" means a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-617 Rights of transferee of collateral.
12A:9-617. Rights of Transferee of Collateral. (a) Effects of disposition. A secured party's disposition of collateral after default: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-618 Rights and duties of certain secondary obligors.
12A:9-618. Rights and Duties of Certain Secondary Obligors. (a) Rights and duties of secondary obligor. A secondary obligor acquires the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-619 Transfer of record or legal title.
12A:9-619. Transfer of Record or Legal Title. (a) "Transfer statement." In this section, "transfer statement" means a record authenticated by ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-620 Acceptance of collateral in full or partial satisfaction of obligation; compulsory disposition of collateral.
12A:9-620. Acceptance of Collateral in Full or Partial Satisfaction of Obligation; Compulsory Disposition of Collateral. (a) Conditions to acceptance in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-621 Notification of proposal to accept collateral.
12A:9-621. Notification of Proposal to Accept Collateral. (a) Persons to which proposal to be sent. A secured party that desires ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-622 Effect of acceptance of collateral.
12A:9-622. Effect of Acceptance of Collateral. (a) Effect of acceptance. A secured party's acceptance of collateral in full or partial ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-623 Right to redeem collateral.
12A:9-623. Right to Redeem Collateral. (a) Persons that may redeem. A debtor, any secondary obligor, or any other secured party ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-624 Waiver.
12A:9-624. Waiver. (a) Waiver of disposition notification. A debtor or secondary obligor may waive the right to notification of disposition ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-625 Remedies for secured party's failure to comply with chapter.
12A:9-625. Remedies for Secured Party's Failure to Comply with Chapter. (a) Judicial orders concerning noncompliance. If it is established that ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-626 Action in which deficiency or surplus is in issue.
12A:9-626. Action in Which Deficiency or Surplus Is in Issue. (a) Applicable rules if amount of deficiency or surplus in ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-627 Determination of whether conduct was commercially reasonable.
12A:9-627. Determination of Whether Conduct Was Commercially Reasonable. (a) Greater amount obtainable under other circumstances; no preclusion of commercial reasonableness. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-628 Nonliability and limitation on liability of secured party; liability of secondary obligor.
12A:9-628. Nonliability and Limitation on Liability of Secured Party; Liability of Secondary Obligor. (a) Limitation of liability of secured party ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-701 Effective date.
12A:9-701. Effective Date. This chapter shall take effect on July 1, 2001. References in this part to "this chapter" are to ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-702 Savings clause.
12A:9-702. Savings Clause. (a) Pre-effective-date transactions or liens. Except as otherwise provided in this part, this chapter applies to a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-703 Security interest perfected before effective date.
12A:9-703. Security Interest Perfected Before Effective Date. (a) Continuing priority over lien creditor: perfection requirements satisfied. A security interest that ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-704 Security interest unperfected before effective date.
12A:9-704. Security Interest Unperfected Before Effective Date. A security interest that is enforceable immediately before this chapter takes effect but which ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-705 Effectiveness of action taken before effective date.
12A:9-705. Effectiveness of Action Taken Before Effective Date. (a) Pre-effective-date action; one-year perfection period unless reperfected. If action, other than ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-706 When initial financing statement suffices to continue effectiveness of financing statement.
12A:9-706. When Initial Financing Statement Suffices to Continue Effectiveness of Financing Statement. (a) Initial financing statement in lieu of continuation ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-707 Amendment of pre-effective-date financing statement.
12A:9-707. Amendment of Pre-effective-date Financing Statement. (a) Pre-effective-date financing statement". In this section, "pre-effective-date financing statement" means a financing ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-708 Persons entitled to file initial financing statement or continuation statement.
12A:9-708. Persons Entitled to File Initial Financing Statement or Continuation Statement. A person may file an initial financing statement or a ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-709 Priority.
12A:9-709 Priority. (a) Law governing priority. This chapter determines the priority of conflicting claims to collateral. However, if the relative ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:9-710 Retroactivity provision.
12A:9-710. Retroactivity Provision. This act, P.L.2001, c.386, amends and supplements P.L.2001, c.117 and shall take effect immediately and shall be applied ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:10-102 Construction
This act shall be so interpreted and construed, if possible, as to effectuate its general purpose to make uniform the laws of those States which ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:10-103 Common law rights etc. not revived
The repeal of any statute or part of a statute hereby affected shall not of itself revive any right or remedy abolished or superseded by ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:10-106 Effective date
This act shall take effect January 1, 1963. L.1961, c. 120, s. 10-106. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-1 Short title
1. This act shall be known and may be cited as the "Uniform Electronic Transactions Act." L.2001, c.116, s.1. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-2 Definitions relative to electronic transactions
2. As used in this act: "Agreement" means the bargain of the parties in fact, as found in their language ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-3 Applicability of act to electronic records, signatures; exceptions
3. a. Except as provided in subsections b. and c. of this section, this act applies to electronic records and electronic signatures relating ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-4 Act applies on or after June 26, 2001
4. This act applies to any electronic record or electronic signature created, generated, sent, communicated, received or stored on or after the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-5 Electronic record, signature not required
5. a. This act does not require a record or signature to be created, generated, stored, sent, communicated, received, stored or otherwise processed ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-6 Construction of act
6. This act shall be construed and applied: a. to facilitate electronic transactions consistent with other applicable law; ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-7 Legal effect and enforceability
7. a. A record or signature may not be denied legal effect or enforceability solely because it is in electronic form. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-8 Use, retention, content, format of electronic records
8. a. If parties have agreed to conduct a transaction by electronic means and a law requires a person to provide, send, or ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-9 Attribution, effect of electronic records, signatures
9. a. An electronic record or electronic signature is attributable to a person if it was the act of the person. The act ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-10 Rules applicable to changes, errors in electronic records
10. If a change or error in an electronic record occurs in a transmission between parties to a transaction, the following rules apply: ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-11 Notarized signatures or records
11. If a law requires a signature or record to be notarized, acknowledged, verified, or made under oath, the requirement is satisfied if ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-12 Retention of electronic records
12. a. If a law requires that a record be retained, the requirement is satisfied by retaining an electronic record of the information ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-13 Admissibility of electronic records, signatures
13. In a proceeding, evidence of a record or signature may not be excluded solely because it is in electronic form. ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-14 Rules applicable to automated transactions
14. In an automated transaction, the following rules apply: a. A contract may be formed by the interaction of electronic ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-15 Conditions under which electronic record is sent, received
15. a. Unless otherwise agreed between the sender and the recipient, an electronic record is sent when it: (1) is ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-16 Control of transferable records
16. a. As used in this section "transferable record" means an electronic record that: (1) would be a note under ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-17 Governmental agency creation, retention, conversion of electronic records
17. Each governmental agency shall determine whether, and the extent to which, it will create and retain electronic records and convert written records ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-18 Use of electronic records, signatures by governmental agencies; specifications
18. a. Except as otherwise provided in subsection f. of section 12 of this act or section 17 of this act, each governmental ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-19 Adoption of standards for governmental agencies
19. The Secretary of State shall adopt standards to encourage and promote consistency and interoperability with similar requirements adopted by other governmental agencies ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-20 Severability
20. If any provision of this act or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity shall not affect ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-21 Use of electronic record to satisfy consumer information in writing, conditions
21. a. Notwithstanding any other provision of this act, if a law or regulation requires that information relating to the transaction be provided ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-22 Findings, declaration concerning "federal E-sign"
22. The Legislature finds and declares: That the adoption of the "Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act," Pub.L. 106-229, ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-23 Capability of electronic records retention by recipients
23. Under the provisions of subsection a. of section 8, an electronic record, to be capable of retention by the recipient at the ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-24 Accessibility of records of information
24. Under the provisions of paragraph (2) of subsection a. of section 12, a record of information remains accessible for later reference if ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-25 The New Jersey Center for Electronic Transactions and Informational Privacy, established
25. The New Jersey Center for Electronic Transactions and Informational Privacy shall be established within the Institute of Law, Science and Technology at ...

New Jersey Statutes 12A:12-26 "Statute, regulation or other rule of law" defined
26. For purposes of this act, references to "statute, regulation or other rule of law" shall include the Rules Governing the Courts of ...

Last modified: April 1, 2009

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