onecle - legal research

Court Opinions

State Laws

US Code

US Constitution

New York Penal Law Section 60.27 - Restitution And Reparation.

Legal Research Home > New York Lawyer > Penal > New York Penal Law Section 60.27 - Restitution And Reparation.



 
    § 60.27 Restitution and reparation.
    1.  In addition to any of the dispositions authorized by this article,
  the court shall consider restitution or reparation to the victim of  the
  crime  and may require restitution or reparation as part of the sentence
  imposed upon a person convicted of an offense, and after  providing  the
  district attorney with an opportunity to be heard in accordance with the
  provisions   of   this   subdivision,  require  the  defendant  to  make
  restitution of the fruits of his or her offense or  reparation  for  the
  actual out-of-pocket loss caused thereby and, in the case of a violation
  of section 190.78, 190.79, 190.80, 190.82 or 190.83 of this chapter, any
  costs  or  losses  incurred  due to any adverse action taken against the
  victim. The district attorney shall where appropriate, advise the  court
  at or before the time of sentencing that the victim seeks restitution or
  reparation,  the  extent  of  injury  or  economic loss or damage of the
  victim, and the amount of restitution or reparation sought by the victim
  in accordance with his or her responsibilities under subdivision two  of
  section 390.50 of the criminal procedure law and article twenty-three of
  the  executive  law.  The  court shall hear and consider the information
  presented by the district attorney in this regard.  In  that  event,  or
  when   the  victim  impact  statement  reports  that  the  victim  seeks
  restitution or reparation, the court shall require, unless the interests
  of justice dictate otherwise, in addition to  any  of  the  dispositions
  authorized  by  this  article that the defendant make restitution of the
  fruits of the offense and reparation for the actual  out-of-pocket  loss
  and,  in  the  case  of  a  violation of section 190.78, 190.79, 190.80,
  190.82 or 190.83 of this chapter, any costs or losses  incurred  due  to
  any  adverse  action,  caused  thereby  to the victim. In the event that
  restitution or reparation are not ordered, the court shall clearly state
  its reasons on the record. Adverse action as used  in  this  subdivision
  shall  mean  and  include  actual  loss  incurred  by the victim and the
  consequential financial losses from such action.
    2. Whenever the court requires restitution or reparation to  be  made,
  the  court  must make a finding as to the dollar amount of the fruits of
  the offense and the actual out-of-pocket loss to the  victim  caused  by
  the  offense. In making this finding, the court must consider any victim
  impact statement provided to the court. If the record does  not  contain
  sufficient  evidence  to  support  such  finding  or upon request by the
  defendant, the court must conduct a hearing upon the issue in accordance
  with the procedure set forth in section 400.30 of the criminal procedure
  law.
    3. The provisions  of  sections  420.10,  420.20  and  420.30  of  the
  criminal  procedure  law  shall apply in the collection and remission of
  restitution and reparation.
    4. For purposes of the imposition,  determination  and  collection  of
  restitution or reparation, the following definitions shall apply:
    (a) the term "offense" shall include the offense for which a defendant
  was  convicted,  as  well  as any other offense that is part of the same
  criminal transaction or  that  is  contained  in  any  other  accusatory
  instrument  disposed  of  by  any  plea of guilty by the defendant to an
  offense.
    (b) the term "victim" shall include the victim  of  the  offense,  the
  representative  of  a  crime  victim  as  defined  in subdivision six of
  section six hundred twenty-one of the executive law, an individual whose
  identity was assumed or whose personal identifying information was  used
  in violation of section 190.78, 190.79 or 190.80 of this chapter, or any
  person  who has suffered a financial loss as a direct result of the acts
  of a defendant in violation of section 190.78, 190.79, 190.80, 190.82 or
  190.83 of this chapter, a good  samaritan  as  defined  in  section  six
  hundred  twenty-one of the executive law and the crime victims' board or
  other governmental agency that has received an application  for  or  has
  provided financial assistance or compensation to the victim.
    5.  (a)  Except  upon  consent  of  the  defendant  or  as provided in
  paragraph (b) of this subdivision, or as a  condition  of  probation  or
  conditional discharge as provided in paragraph (g) of subdivision two of
  section  65.10  of this chapter, the amount of restitution or reparation
  required by the court shall not exceed fifteen thousand dollars  in  the
  case  of  a conviction for a felony, or ten thousand dollars in the case
  of a conviction for any offense other than a felony. Notwithstanding the
  provisions of this subdivision, if an officer of a  school  district  is
  convicted  of violating any section of article one hundred fifty-five of
  this chapter where the victim of such crime  is  such  officer's  school
  district,  the court may require an amount of restitution up to the full
  amount of the fruits of the offense or reparation up to the full  amount
  of  the  actual  out-of-pocket  loss  suffered  by  the victim, provided
  further that in such case  the  provisions  of  paragraph  (b)  of  this
  subdivision shall not apply.
    (b)  The  court in its discretion may impose restitution or reparation
  in excess of the amounts specified in paragraph (a) of this subdivision,
  provided however that the amount in excess must be limited to the return
  of the victim's property,  including  money,  or  the  equivalent  value
  thereof; and reimbursement for medical expenses actually incurred by the
  victim  prior  to sentencing as a result of the offense committed by the
  defendant.
    6. Any payment made as restitution  or  reparation  pursuant  to  this
  section shall not limit, preclude or impair any liability for damages in
  any civil action or proceeding for an amount in excess of such payment.
    7.  In  the event that the court requires restitution or reparation to
  be made to a person and that person dies prior to the completion of said
  restitution or reparation, the remaining payments shall be made  to  the
  estate of the deceased.
    8.  The  court  shall  in all cases where restitution or reparation is
  imposed direct as part of the  disposition  that  the  defendant  pay  a
  designated  surcharge  of  five  percent  of  the  entire  amount  of  a
  restitution or  reparation  payment  to  the  official  or  organization
  designated  pursuant  to  subdivision  eight  of  section  420.10 of the
  criminal procedure law. The designated surcharge shall not  exceed  five
  percent  of  the  amount  actually  collected.  Upon  the  filing  of an
  affidavit  of  the  official  or  organization  designated  pursuant  to
  subdivision  eight  of  section  420.10  of  the  criminal procedure law
  demonstrating that the actual cost of the collection and  administration
  of  restitution  or reparation in a particular case exceeds five percent
  of the entire amount of the payment or the amount actually collected, as
  the case may be, the court  shall  direct  that  the  defendant  pay  an
  additional  surcharge of not more than five percent of the entire amount
  of a restitution or reparation payment to such official or organization,
  or the actual cost of collection or administration,  whichever  is  less
  unless,  upon  application  of  the defendant, the court determines that
  imposition of such additional surcharge would cause  undue  hardship  to
  the  defendant,  or any other person who is financially supported by the
  defendant, or would otherwise not be in the interest  of  justice.  Such
  additional  surcharge, when added to the initial five percent surcharge,
  shall not exceed ten percent of the amount actually collected.
    9. If the offense of which a person is convicted is a class  A,  class
  B,  class  C,  or  class  D  felony  involving  the sale of a controlled
  substance, as defined in article two hundred twenty of this chapter, and
  no other victim who is a person is seeking restitution in the case,  the
  term  "victim"  as  used  in  this  section, in addition to its ordinary
  meaning, shall mean any law enforcement agency of the state of New  York
  or  of  any subdivision thereof which has expended funds in the purchase
  of any controlled substance from such person or his agent as part of the
  investigation  leading  to such conviction. Any restitution which may be
  required to be made to a law enforcement agency pursuant to this section
  shall be limited to the amount of funds expended in the actual  purchase
  of  such  controlled  substance by such law enforcement agency, less the
  amount of any funds which have been or will be recovered from any  other
  source,  and  shall  not  include  a  designated  surcharge  pursuant to
  subdivision eight of this section. Any law  enforcement  agency  seeking
  restitution  pursuant  to this section shall file with the court and the
  district attorney an affidavit stating that funds expended in the actual
  purchase of a controlled substance for which restitution is being sought
  have not been and will not be recovered from any other source or in  any
  other civil or criminal proceeding. Any law enforcement agency receiving
  restitution  pursuant  to  this  section  shall promptly transmit to the
  commissioner of the division  of  criminal  justice  services  a  report
  stating the dollar amount of the restitution received.
    10.  If  the  offense  of  which  a  person is convicted is defined in
  section 150.10, 150.15 or 150.20 of this chapter, and  no  other  victim
  who is a person is seeking restitution in the case, the term "victim" as
  used  in  this  section, in addition to its ordinary meaning, shall mean
  any municipality which has expended funds or will expend funds  for  the
  purpose  of  restoration,  rehabilitation or clean-up of the site of the
  arson.  Any  restitution  which  may  be  required  to  be  made  to   a
  municipality  pursuant to this section shall be limited to the amount of
  funds  reasonably  expended  or  to  be  expended  for  the  purpose  of
  restoration,  rehabilitation  or clean-up of the site of the arson, less
  the amount of any funds which have been or will be  recovered  from  any
  other  source,  and shall not include a designated surcharge pursuant to
  subdivision eight of this section. Any municipality seeking  restitution
  pursuant  to  this  section shall file with the court, district attorney
  and defense counsel an  affidavit  stating  that  the  funds  reasonably
  expended  or  to  be expended for which restitution is being sought have
  not been and will not be recovered from any other source or in any other
  civil or criminal proceeding.
    * 11. Notwithstanding any other  provision  of  this  section  to  the
  contrary, when a person is convicted of harming an animal trained to aid
  a  person  with  a disability in the second degree as defined in section
  195.11 of this chapter, or harming an animal trained  to  aid  a  person
  with  a  disability  in the first degree as defined in section 195.12 of
  this chapter, the court, in addition to any other sentence, shall  order
  the payment of restitution to the person with a disability who was aided
  by such animal.
    * NB There are 2 sub 11's.
    * 11.  If  the  offense  of  which a person is convicted is defined in
  section 240.50, subdivision one or two of section 240.55, section 240.60
  or section 240.61 of this chapter, and no other victim who is  a  person
  is  seeking  restitution  in the case, the term "victim" as used in this
  subdivision, in addition to the ordinary meaning, shall mean any school,
  municipality, fire district, fire company, fire  corporation,  ambulance
  association,  ambulance  corporation,  or  other  legal or public entity
  engaged in providing emergency services which has expended funds for the
  purpose of responding to a false report of an incident or false bomb  as
  defined  in  section  240.50,  subdivision one or two of section 240.55,
  section 240.60 or section 240.61 of this chapter. Any restitution  which
  may  be  required  to  be  made to a victim pursuant to this subdivision
  shall be limited to the amount of  funds  reasonably  expended  for  the
  purpose  of  responding  to such false report of incident or false bomb,
  less the amount of any funds which have been or will be  recovered  from
  any  other  source and shall not include a designated surcharge pursuant
  to subdivision eight of this section.  Any  victim  seeking  restitution
  pursuant  to  this  subdivision  shall  file  with  the  court, district
  attorney and  defense  counsel  an  affidavit  stating  that  the  funds
  reasonably  expended for which restitution is being sought have not been
  and will not be recovered from any other source or in any other civil or
  criminal proceeding, except as provided for  by  section  3-112  of  the
  general obligations law.
    * NB There are 2 sub 11's.
    12.  If  the  offense  of  which  a  person is convicted is defined in
  section 155.25, 155.30, 155.35, 155.40 or 155.42 of  this  chapter,  and
  the property taken is timber, the court may upon conviction, in addition
  to any other sentence, direct the defendant to pay the rightful owner of
  such  timber  an amount equal to treble the stumpage value of the timber
  stolen as defined in section 71-0703 of the  environmental  conservation
  law  and  for any permanent and substantial damage caused to the land or
  the improvements thereon as a result of such violation. Such reparations
  shall be of such kind, nature and extent as will reasonably restore  the
  lands  affected  by  the violation to their condition immediately before
  the violation and may be made by  physical  restoration  of  such  lands
  and/or by the assessment of monetary payment to make such restoration.

Last modified: July 30, 2006