Texas Business & Commerce Code

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• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.101 - Short Titles
  (a) This title may be cited as the Uniform Commercial Code. (b) This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--General Provisions. Amended by Acts ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.102 - Scope Of Chapter
  This chapter applies to a transaction to the extent that it is governed by another chapter of this title. Amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.103 - Construction Of Title To Promote Its Purposes And Policies; Applicability Of Supplemental Principles Of Law
  (a) This title must be liberally construed and applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies, which are: (1) to simplify, clarify and modernize the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.104 - Construction Against Implied Repeal
  This title being a general act intended as a unified coverage of its subject matter, no part of it shall be deemed to be impliedly ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.105 - Severability
  If any provision or clause of this title or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.106 - Use Of Singular And Plural; Gender
  In this title, unless the statutory context otherwise requires: (1) words in the singular number include the plural, and those in the plural include the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.107 - Section Captions
  Section captions are parts of this title. Amended by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 542, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 2003. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.108 - Relation To Electronic Signatures In Global And National Commerce Act
  This title modifies, limits, and supersedes the federal Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (15 U.S.C. Section 7001 et seq.) but does not ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.201 - General Definitions
  (a) Unless the context otherwise requires, words or phrases defined in this section, or in the additional definitions contained in other chapters of this title ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.202 - Notice; Knowledge
  (a) Subject to Subsection (f), a person has "notice" of a fact if the person: (1) has actual knowledge of it; (2) has received a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.203 - Lease Distinguished From Security Interest
  (a) Whether a transaction in the form of a lease creates a lease or security interest is determined by the facts of each case. (b) ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.204 - Value
  Except as otherwise provided in Chapters 3, 4, and 5, a person gives value for rights if the person acquires them: (1) in return for ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.205 - Reasonable Time; Seasonableness
  (a) Whether a time for taking an action required by this title is reasonable depends on the nature, purpose, and circumstances of the action. (b) ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.206 - Presumptions
  Whenever this title creates a "presumption" with respect to a fact, or provides that a fact is "presumed," the trier of fact must find the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.301 - Territorial Application Of The Title; Parties' Power To Choose Applicable Law
  (a) Except as provided hereafter in this section, when a transaction bears a reasonable relation to this state and also to another state or nation ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.302 - Variation By Agreement
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (b) or elsewhere in this title, the effect of provisions of this title may be varied by agreement. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.303 - Course Of Performance, Course Of Dealing, And Usage Of Trade
  (a) A "course of performance" is a sequence of conduct between the parties to a particular transaction that exists if: (1) the agreement of the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.304 - Obligation Of Good Faith
  Every contract or duty within this title imposes an obligation of good faith in its performance and enforcement. Added by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.305 - Remedies To Be Liberally Administered
  (a) The remedies provided by this title must be liberally administered to the end that the aggrieved party may be put in as good a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.306 - Waiver Of Renunciation Of Claim Or Right After Breach
  A claim or right arising out of an alleged breach may be discharged in whole or in part without consideration by agreement of the aggrieved ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.307 - Prima Facie Evidence By Third-Party Documents
  A document in due form purporting to be a bill of lading, policy or certificate of insurance, official weigher's or inspector's certificate, consular invoice, or ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.308 - Performance Or Acceptance Under Reservation Of Rights
  (a) A party that with explicit reservation of rights performs or promises performance or assents to performance in a manner demanded or offered by the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.309 - Option To Accelerate At Will
  A term providing that one party or that party's successor in interest may accelerate payment or performance or require collateral or additional collateral "at will" ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 1.310 - Subordinated Obligations
  An obligation may be issued as subordinated to performance of another obligation of the person obligated, or a creditor may subordinate its right to performance ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.101 - Short Title
  This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Sales. Acts 1967, 60th Leg., p. 2343, ch. 785, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1967. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.102 - Scope; Certain Security And Other Transactions Excluded From This Chapter
  Unless the context otherwise requires, this chapter applies to transactions in goods; it does not apply to any transaction which although in the form of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.103 - Definitions And Index Of Definitions
  (a) In this chapter unless the context otherwise requires (1) "Buyer" means a person who buys or contracts to buy goods. (2) Reserved. (3) "Receipt" ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.104 - Definitions: "Merchant"; "Between Merchants"; "Financing Agency"
  (a) "Merchant" means a person who deals in goods of the kind or otherwise by his occupation holds himself out as having knowledge or skill ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.105 - Definitions: Transferability; "Goods"; "Future" Goods; "Lot"; "Commercial Unit"
  (a) "Goods" means all things (including specially manufactured goods) which are movable at the time of identification to the contract for sale other than the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.106 - Definitions: "Contract"; "Agreement"; "Contract For Sale"; "Sale"; "Present Sale"; "Conforming" To Contract; "Termination"; "Cancellation"
  (a) In this chapter unless the context otherwise requires "contract" and "agreement" are limited to those relating to the present or future sale of goods. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.107 - Goods To Be Severed From Realty: Recording
  (a) A contract for the sale of minerals or the like (including oil and gas) or a structure or its materials to be removed from ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.201 - Formal Requirements; Statute Of Frauds
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section a contract for the sale of goods for the price of $500 or more is not enforceable ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.202 - Final Written Expression: Parol Or Extrinsic Evidence
  Terms with respect to which the confirmatory memoranda of the parties agree or which are otherwise set forth in a writing intended by the parties ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.203 - Seals Inoperative
  The affixing of a seal to a writing evidencing a contract for sale or an offer to buy or sell goods does not constitute the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.204 - Formation In General
  (a) A contract for sale of goods may be made in any manner sufficient to show agreement, including conduct by both parties which recognizes the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.205 - Firm Offers
  An offer by a merchant to buy or sell goods in a signed writing which by its terms gives assurance that it will be held ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.206 - Offer And Acceptance In Formation Of Contract
  (a) Unless otherwise unambiguously indicated by the language or circumstances (1) an offer to make a contract shall be construed as inviting acceptance in any ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.207 - Additional Terms In Acceptance Or Confirmation
  (a) A definite and seasonable expression of acceptance or a written confirmation which is sent within a reasonable time operates as an acceptance even though ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.209 - Modification, Rescission And Waiver
  (a) An agreement modifying a contract within this chapter needs no consideration to be binding. (b) A signed agreement which excludes modification or rescission except ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.210 - Delegation Of Performance; Assignment Of Rights
  (a) A party may perform his duty through a delegate unless otherwise agreed or unless the other party has a substantial interest in having his ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.301 - General Obligations Of Parties
  The obligation of the seller is to transfer and deliver and that of the buyer is to accept and pay in accordance with the contract. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.302 - Unconscionable Contract Or Clause
  (a) If the court as a matter of law finds the contract or any clause of the contract to have been unconscionable at the time ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.303 - Allocation Or Division Of Risks
  Where this chapter allocates a risk or a burden as between the parties "unless otherwise agreed", the agreement may not only shift the allocation but ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.304 - Price Payable In Money, Goods, Realty, Or Otherwise
  (a) The price can be made payable in money or otherwise. If it is payable in whole or in part in goods each party is ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.305 - Open Price Term
  (a) The parties if they so intend can conclude a contract for sale even though the price is not settled. In such a case the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.306 - Output, Requirements And Exclusive Dealings
  (a) A term which measures the quantity by the output of the seller or the requirements of the buyer means such actual output or requirements ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.307 - Delivery In Single Lot Or Several Lots
  Unless otherwise agreed all goods called for by a contract for sale must be tendered in a single delivery and payment is due only on ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.308 - Absence Of Specified Place For Delivery
  Unless otherwise agreed (1) the place for delivery of goods is the seller's place of business or if he has none his residence; but (2) ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.309 - Absence Of Specific Time Provisions; Notice Of Termination
  (a) The time for shipment or delivery or any other action under a contract if not provided in this chapter or agreed upon shall be ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.310 - Open Time For Payment Or Running Of Credit; Authority To Ship Under Reservation
  Unless otherwise agreed (1) payment is due at the time and place at which the buyer is to receive the goods even though the place ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.311 - Options And Cooperation Respecting Performance
  (a) An agreement for sale which is otherwise sufficiently definite (Subsection (c) of Section 2.204) to be a contract is not made invalid by the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.312 - Warranty Of Title And Against Infringement; Buyer's Obligation Against Infringement
  (a) Subject to Subsection (b) there is in a contract for sale a warranty by the seller that (1) the title conveyed shall be good, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.313 - Express Warranties By Affirmation, Promise, Description, Sample
  (a) Express warranties by the seller are created as follows: (1) Any affirmation of fact or promise made by the seller to the buyer which ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.314 - Implied Warranty: Merchantability; Usage Of Trade
  (a) Unless excluded or modified (Section 2.316), a warranty that the goods shall be merchantable is implied in a contract for their sale if the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.315 - Implied Warranty: Fitness For Particular Purpose
  Where the seller at the time of contracting has reason to know any particular purpose for which the goods are required and that the buyer ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.316 - Exclusion Or Modification Of Warranties
  (a) Words or conduct relevant to the creation of an express warranty and words or conduct tending to negate or limit warranty shall be construed ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.317 - Cumulation And Conflict Of Warranties Express Or Implied
  Warranties whether express or implied shall be construed as consistent with each other and as cumulative, but if such construction is unreasonable the intention of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.318 - Chapter Neutral On Question Of Third Party Beneficiaries Of Warranties Of Quality And On Need For Privity Of Contract
  This chapter does not provide whether anyone other than a buyer may take advantage of an express or implied warranty of quality made to the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.319 - F.O.B. And F.A.S. Terms
  (a) Unless otherwise agreed the term F.O.B. (which means "free on board") at a named place, even though used only in connection with the stated ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.320 - C.I.F. And C. & F. Terms
  (a) The term C.I.F. means that the price includes in a lump sum the cost of the goods and the insurance and freight to the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.321 - C.I.F. Or C. & F.: "Net Landed Weights"; "Payment On Arrival"; Warranty Of Condition On Arrival
  Under a contract containing a term C.I.F. or C. & F. (a) Where the price is based on or is to be adjusted according to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.322 - Delivery "Ex-Ship"
  (a) Unless otherwise agreed a term for delivery of goods "ex-ship" (which means from the carrying vessel) or in equivalent language is not restricted to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.323 - Form Of Bill Of Lading Required In Overseas Shipment; "Overseas"
  (a) Where the contract contemplates overseas shipment and contains a term C.I.F. or C. & F. or F.O.B. vessel, the seller unless otherwise agreed must ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.324 - "No Arrival, No Sale" Term
  Under a term "no arrival, no sale" or terms of like meaning, unless otherwise agreed, (1) the seller must properly ship conforming goods and if ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.325 - "Letter Of Credit" Term; "Confirmed Credit"
  (a) Failure of the buyer seasonably to furnish an agreed letter of credit is a breach of the contract for sale. (b) The delivery to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.326 - Sale On Approval And Sale Or Return; Rights Of Creditors
  (a) Unless otherwise agreed, if delivered goods may be returned by the buyer even though they conform to the contract, the transaction is (1) a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.327 - Special Incidents Of Sale On Approval And Sale Or Return
  (a) Under a sale on approval unless otherwise agreed (1) although the goods are identified to the contract the risk of loss and the title ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.328 - Sale By Auction
  (a) In a sale by auction if goods are put up in lots each lot is the subject of a separate sale. (b) A sale ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.401 - Passing Of Title; Reservation For Security; Limited Application Of This Section
  Each provision of this chapter with regard to the rights, obligations and remedies of the seller, the buyer, purchasers or other third parties applies irrespective ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.402 - Rights Of Seller's Creditors Against Sold Goods
  (a) Except as provided in Subsections (b) and (c), rights of unsecured creditors of the seller with respect to goods which have been identified to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.403 - Power To Transfer; Good Faith Purchase Of Goods; "Entrusting"
  (a) A purchaser of goods acquires all title which his transferor had or had power to transfer except that a purchaser of a limited interest ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.501 - Insurable Interest In Goods; Manner Of Identification Of Goods
  (a) The buyer obtains a special property and an insurable interest in goods by identification of existing goods as goods to which the contract refers ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.502 - Buyer's Right To Goods On Seller's Repudiation, Failure To Deliver, Or Insolvency
  (a) Subject to Subsections (b) and (c) and even though the goods have not been shipped a buyer who has paid a part or all ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.503 - Manner Of Seller's Tender Of Delivery
  (a) Tender of delivery requires that the seller put and hold conforming goods at the buyer's disposition and give the buyer any notification reasonably necessary ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.504 - Shipment By Seller
  Where the seller is required or authorized to send the goods to the buyer and the contract does not require him to deliver them at ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.505 - Seller's Shipment Under Reservation
  (a) Where the seller has identified goods to the contract by or before shipment: (1) his procurement of a negotiable bill of lading to his ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.506 - Rights Of Financing Agency
  (a) A financing agency by paying or purchasing for value a draft which relates to a shipment of goods acquires to the extent of the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.507 - Effect Of Seller's Tender; Delivery On Condition
  (a) Tender of delivery is a condition to the buyer's duty to accept the goods and, unless otherwise agreed, to his duty to pay for ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.508 - Cure By Seller Of Improper Tender Or Delivery; Replacement
  (a) Where any tender or delivery by the seller is rejected because non-conforming and the time for performance has not yet expired, the seller may ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.509 - Risk Of Loss In The Absence Of Breach
  (a) Where the contract requires or authorizes the seller to ship the goods by carrier (1) if it does not require him to deliver them ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.510 - Effect Of Breach On Risk Of Loss
  (a) Where a tender or delivery of goods so fails to conform to the contract as to give a right of rejection the risk of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.511 - Tender Of Payment By Buyer; Payment By Check
  (a) Unless otherwise agreed tender of payment is a condition to the seller's duty to tender and complete any delivery. (b) Tender of payment is ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.512 - Payment By Buyer Before Inspection
  (a) Where the contract requires payment before inspection non-conformity of the goods does not excuse the buyer from so making payment unless (1) the non-conformity ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.513 - Buyer's Right To Inspection Of Goods
  (a) Unless otherwise agreed and subject to Subsection (c), where goods are tendered or delivered or identified to the contract for sale, the buyer has ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.514 - When Documents Deliverable On Acceptance; When On Payment
  Unless otherwise agreed documents against which a draft is drawn are to be delivered to the drawee on acceptance of the draft if it is ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.515 - Preserving Evidence Of Goods In Dispute
  In furtherance of the adjustment of any claim or dispute (1) either party on reasonable notification to the other and for the purpose of ascertaining ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.601 - Buyer's Rights On Improper Delivery
  Subject to the provisions of this chapter on breach in installment contracts (Section 2.612) and unless otherwise agreed under the sections on contractual limitations of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.602 - Manner And Effect Of Rightful Rejection
  (a) Rejection of goods must be within a reasonable time after their delivery or tender. It is ineffective unless the buyer seasonably notifies the seller. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.603 - Merchant Buyer's Duties As To Rightfully Rejected Goods
  (a) Subject to any security interest in the buyer (Subsection (c) of Section 2.711), when the seller has no agent or place of business at ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.604 - Buyer's Options As To Salvage Of Rightfully Rejected Goods
  Subject to the provisions of the immediately preceding section on perishables if the seller gives no instructions within a reasonable time after notification of rejection ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.605 - Waiver Of Buyer's Objections By Failure To Particularize
  (a) The buyer's failure to state in connection with rejection a particular defect which is ascertainable by reasonable inspection precludes him from relying on the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.606 - What Constitutes Acceptance Of Goods
  (a) Acceptance of goods occurs when the buyer (1) after a reasonable opportunity to inspect the goods signifies to the seller that the goods are ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.607 - Effect Of Acceptance; Notice Of Breach; Burden Of Establishing Breach After Acceptance; Notice Of Claim Or Litigation To Person Answerable Over
  (a) The buyer must pay at the contract rate for any goods accepted. (b) Acceptance of goods by the buyer precludes rejection of the goods ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.608 - Revocation Of Acceptance In Whole Or In Part
  (a) The buyer may revoke his acceptance of a lot or commercial unit whose non-conformity substantially impairs its value to him if he has accepted ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.609 - Right To Adequate Assurance Of Performance
  (a) A contract for sale imposes an obligation on each party that the other's expectation of receiving due performance will not be impaired. When reasonable ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.610 - Anticipatory Repudiation
  When either party repudiates the contract with respect to a performance not yet due the loss of which will substantially impair the value of the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.611 - Retraction Of Anticipatory Repudiation
  (a) Until the repudiating party's next performance is due he can retract his repudiation unless the aggrieved party has since the repudiation cancelled or materially ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.612 - "Installment Contract"; Breach
  (a) An "installment contract" is one which requires or authorizes the delivery of goods in separate lots to be separately accepted, even though the contract ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.613 - Casualty To Identified Goods
  Where the contract requires for its performance goods identified when the contract is made, and the goods suffer casualty without fault of either party before ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.614 - Substituted Performance
  (a) Where without fault of either party the agreed berthing, loading, or unloading facilities fail or an agreed type of carrier becomes unavailable or the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.615 - Excuse By Failure Of Presupposed Conditions
  Except so far as a seller may have assumed a greater obligation and subject to the preceding section on substituted performance: (1) Delay in delivery ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.616 - Procedure On Notice Claiming Excuse
  (a) Where the buyer receives notification of a material or indefinite delay or an allocation justified under the preceding section he may by written notification ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.701 - Remedies For Breach Of Collateral Contracts Not Impaired
  Remedies for breach of any obligation or promise collateral or ancillary to a contract for sale are not impaired by the provisions of this chapter. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.702 - Seller's Remedies On Discovery Of Buyer's Insolvency
  (a) Where the seller discovers the buyer to be insolvent he may refuse delivery except for cash including payment for all goods theretofore delivered under ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.703 - Seller's Remedies In General
  Where the buyer wrongfully rejects or revokes acceptance of goods or fails to make a payment due on or before delivery or repudiates with respect ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.704 - Seller's Right To Identify Goods To The Contract Notwithstanding Breach Or To Salvage Unfinished Goods
  (a) An aggrieved seller under the preceding section may (1) identify to the contract conforming goods not already identified if at the time he learned ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.705 - Seller's Stoppage Of Delivery In Transit Or Otherwise
  (a) The seller may stop delivery of goods in the possession of a carrier or other bailee when he discovers the buyer to be insolvent ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.706 - Seller's Resale Including Contract For Resale
  (a) Under the conditions stated in Section 2.703 on seller's remedies, the seller may resell the goods concerned or the undelivered balance thereof. Where the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.707 - "Person In The Position Of A Seller"
  (a) A "person in the position of a seller" includes as against a principal an agent who has paid or become responsible for the price ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.708 - Seller's Damages For Non-Acceptance Or Repudiation
  (a) Subject to Subsection (b) and to the provisions of this chapter with respect to proof of market price (Section 2.723), the measure of damages ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.709 - Action For The Price
  (a) When the buyer fails to pay the price as it becomes due the seller may recover, together with any incidental damages under the next ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.710 - Seller's Incidental Damages
  Incidental damages to an aggrieved seller include any commercially reasonable charges, expenses or commissions incurred in stopping delivery, in the transportation, care and custody of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.711 - Buyer's Remedies In General; Buyer's Security Interest In Rejected Goods
  (a) Where the seller fails to make delivery or repudiates or the buyer rightfully rejects or justifiably revokes acceptance then with respect to any goods ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.712 - "Cover"; Buyer's Procurement Of Substitute Goods
  (a) After a breach within the preceding section the buyer may "cover" by making in good faith and without unreasonable delay any reasonable purchase of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.713 - Buyer's Damages For Non-Delivery Or Repudiation
  (a) Subject to the provisions of this chapter with respect to proof of market price (Section 2.723), the measure of damages for non-delivery or repudiation ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.714 - Buyer's Damages For Breach In Regard To Accepted Goods
  (a) Where the buyer has accepted goods and given notification (Subsection (c) of Section 2.607) he may recover as damages for any non-conformity of tender ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.715 - Buyer's Incidental And Consequential Damages
  (a) Incidental damages resulting from the seller's breach include expenses reasonably incurred in inspection, receipt, transportation and care and custody of goods rightfully rejected, any ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.716 - Buyer's Right To Specific Performance Or Replevin
  (a) Specific performance may be decreed where the goods are unique or in other proper circumstances. (b) The decree for specific performance may include such ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.717 - Deduction Of Damages From The Price
  The buyer on notifying the seller of his intention to do so may deduct all or any part of the damages resulting from any breach ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.718 - Liquidation Or Limitation Of Damages; Deposits
  (a) Damages for breach by either party may be liquidated in the agreement but only at an amount which is reasonable in the light of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.719 - Contractual Modification Or Limitation Of Remedy
  (a) Subject to the provisions of Subsections (b) and (c) of this section and of the preceding section on liquidation and limitation of damages, (1) ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.720 - Effect Of "Cancellation" Or "Rescission" On Claims For Antecedent Breach
  Unless the contrary intention clearly appears, expressions of "cancellation" or "rescission" of the contract or the like shall not be construed as a renunciation or ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.721 - Remedies For Fraud
  Remedies for material misrepresentation or fraud include all remedies available under this chapter for non-fraudulent breach. Neither rescission or a claim for rescission of the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.722 - Who Can Sue Third Parties For Injury To Goods
  Where a third party so deals with goods which have been identified to a contract for sale as to cause actionable injury to a party ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.723 - Proof Of Market Price: Time And Place
  (a) If an action based on anticipatory repudiation comes to trial before the time for performance with respect to some or all of the goods, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.724 - Admissibility Of Market Quotations
  Whenever the prevailing price or value of any goods regularly bought and sold in any established commodity market is in issue, reports in official publications ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 2.725 - Statute Of Limitations In Contracts For Sale
  (a) An action for breach of any contract for sale must be commenced within four years after the cause of action has accrued. By the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.101 - Short Title
  This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code-Negotiable Instruments. Amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 921, § 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1996. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.102 - Subject Matter
  (a) This chapter applies to negotiable instruments. It does not apply to money, to payment orders governed by Chapter 4A, or to securities governed by ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.103 - Definitions
  (a) In this chapter: (1) "Acceptor" means a drawee who has accepted a draft. (2) "Consumer account" means an account established by an individual primarily ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.104 - Negotiable Instrument
  (a) Except as provided in Subsections (c) and (d), "negotiable instrument" means an unconditional promise or order to pay a fixed amount of money, with ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.105 - Issue Of Instrument
  (a) "Issue" means the first delivery of an instrument by the maker or drawer, whether to a holder or nonholder, for the purpose of giving ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.106 - Unconditional Promise Or Order
  (a) Except as provided in this section, for the purposes of Section 3.104(a), a promise or order is unconditional unless it states (i) an express ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.107 - Instrument Payable In Foreign Money
  Unless the instrument otherwise provides, an instrument that states the amount payable in foreign money may be paid in the foreign money or in an ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.108 - Payable On Demand Or At Definite Time
  (a) A promise or order is "payable on demand" if it: (1) states that it is payable on demand or at sight, or otherwise indicates ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.109 - Payable To Bearer Or To Order
  (a) A promise or order is payable to bearer if it: (1) states that it is payable to bearer or to the order of bearer ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.110 - Identification Of Person To Whom Instrument Is Payable
  (a) The person to whom an instrument is initially payable is determined by the intent of the person, whether or not authorized, signing as, or ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.111 - Place Of Payment
  Except as otherwise provided for items in Chapter 4, an instrument is payable at the place of payment stated in the instrument. If no place ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.112 - Interest
  (a) Unless otherwise provided in the instrument: (1) an instrument is not payable with interest; and (2) interest on an interest-bearing instrument is payable from ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.113 - Date Of Instrument
  (a) An instrument may be antedated or postdated. The date stated determines the time of payment if the instrument is payable at a fixed period ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.114 - Contradictory Terms Of Instrument
  If an instrument contains contradictory terms, typewritten terms prevail over printed terms, handwritten terms prevail over both, and words prevail over numbers. Amended by Acts ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.115 - Incomplete Instrument
  (a) "Incomplete instrument" means a signed writing, whether or not issued by the signer, the contents of which show at the time of signing that ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.116 - Joint And Several Liability; Contribution
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in the instrument, two or more persons who have the same liability on an instrument as makers, drawers, acceptors, indorsers ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.117 - Other Agreements Affecting Instrument
  Subject to applicable law regarding exclusion of proof of contemporaneous or previous agreements, the obligation of a party to an instrument to pay the instrument ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.118 - Statute Of Limitations
  (a) Except as provided in Subsection (e), an action to enforce the obligation of a party to pay a note payable at a definite time ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.119 - Notice Of Right To Defend Action
  In an action for breach of an obligation for which a third person is answerable over pursuant to this chapter or Chapter 4, the defendant ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.201 - Negotiation
  (a) "Negotiation" means a transfer of possession, whether voluntary or involuntary, of an instrument by a person other than the issuer to a person who ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.202 - Negotiation Subject To Rescission
  (a) Negotiation is effective even if obtained: (1) from an infant, a corporation exceeding its powers, or a person without capacity; (2) by fraud, duress, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.203 - Transfer Of Instrument; Rights Acquired By Transfer
  (a) An instrument is transferred when it is delivered by a person other than its issuer for the purpose of giving to the person receiving ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.204 - Indorsement
  (a) "Indorsement" means a signature, other than that of a signer as maker, drawer, or acceptor, that alone or accompanied by other words is made ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.205 - Special Indorsement; Blank Indorsement; Anomalous Indorsement
  (a) If an indorsement is made by the holder of an instrument, whether payable to an identified person or payable to bearer, and the indorsement ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.206 - Restrictive Indorsement
  (a) An indorsement limiting payment to a particular person or otherwise prohibiting further transfer or negotiation of the instrument is not effective to prevent further ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.207 - Reacquisition
  Reacquisition of an instrument occurs if it is transferred to a former holder, by negotiation or otherwise. A former holder who reacquires the instrument may ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.301 - Person Entitled To Enforce Instrument
  "Person entitled to enforce" an instrument means (i) the holder of the instrument, (ii) a nonholder in possession of the instrument who has the rights ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.302 - Holder In Due Course
  (a) Subject to Subsection (c) and Section 3.106(d), "holder in due course" means the holder of an instrument if: (1) the instrument when issued or ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.303 - Value And Consideration
  (a) An instrument is issued or transferred for value if: (1) the instrument is issued or transferred for a promise of performance, to the extent ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.304 - Overdue Instrument
  (a) An instrument payable on demand becomes overdue at the earliest of the following times: (1) on the day after the day demand for payment ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.305 - Defenses And Claims In Recoupment
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, the right to enforce the obligation of a party to pay an instrument is subject to the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.306 - Claims To An Instrument
  A person taking an instrument, other than a person having rights of a holder in due course, is subject to a claim of a property ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.307 - Notice Of Breach Of Fiduciary Duty
  (a) In this section: (1) "Fiduciary" means an agent, trustee, partner, corporate officer or director, or other representative owing a fiduciary duty with respect to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.308 - Proof Of Signatures And Status As Holder In Due Course
  (a) In an action with respect to an instrument, the authenticity of, and authority to make, each signature on the instrument are admitted unless specifically ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.309 - Enforcement Of Lost, Destroyed, Or Stolen Instrument
  (a) A person who is not in possession of an instrument is entitled to enforce the instrument if: (1) the person seeking to enforce the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.310 - Effect Of Instrument On Obligation For Which Taken
  (a) Unless otherwise agreed, if a certified check, cashier's check, or teller's check is taken for an obligation, the obligation is discharged to the same ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.311 - Accord And Satisfaction By Use Of Instrument
  (a) Subsections (b)-(d) apply if a person against whom a claim is asserted proves that: (1) that person in good faith tendered an instrument to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.312 - Lost, Destroyed, Or Stolen Cashier's Check, Teller's Check, Or Certified Check
  (a) In this section: (1) "Check" means a cashier's check, teller's check, or certified check. (2) "Claimant" means a person who claims the right to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.401 - Signature
  (a) A person is not liable on an instrument unless the person: (1) signed the instrument; or (2) is represented by an agent or representative ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.402 - Signature By Representative
  (a) If a person acting, or purporting to act, as a representative signs an instrument by signing either the name of the represented person or ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.403 - Unauthorized Signature
  (a) Unless otherwise provided in this chapter or Chapter 4, an unauthorized signature is ineffective except as the signature of the unauthorized signer in favor ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.404 - Impostors; Fictitious Payees
  (a) If an impostor, by use of the mails or otherwise, induces the issuer of an instrument to issue the instrument to the impostor, or ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.405 - Employer's Responsibility For Fraudulent Indorsement By Employee
  (a) In this section: (1) "Employee" includes an independent contractor and employee of an independent contractor retained by the employer. (2) "Fraudulent indorsement" means: (A) ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.406 - Negligence Contributing To Forged Signature Or Alteration Of Instrument
  (a) A person whose failure to exercise ordinary care substantially contributes to an alteration of an instrument or to the making of a forged signature ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.407 - Alteration
  (a) "Alteration" means: (1) an unauthorized change in an instrument that purports to modify in any respect the obligation of a party; or (2) an ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.408 - Drawee Not Liable On Unaccepted Draft
  A check or other draft does not of itself operate as an assignment of funds in the hands of the drawee available for its payment, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.409 - Acceptance Of Draft; Certified Check
  (a) "Acceptance" means the drawee's signed agreement to pay a draft as presented. It must be written on the draft and may consist of the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.410 - Acceptance Varying Draft
  (a) If the terms of a drawee's acceptance vary from the terms of the draft as presented, the holder may refuse the acceptance and treat ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.411 - Refusal To Pay Cashier's Checks, Teller's Checks, And Certified Checks
  (a) In this section, "obligated bank" means the acceptor of a certified check or the issuer of a cashier's check or teller's check bought from ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.412 - Obligation Of Issuer Of Note Or Cashier's Check
  The issuer of a note or cashier's check or other draft drawn on the drawer is obliged to pay the instrument (i) according to its ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.413 - Obligation Of Acceptor
  (a) The acceptor of a draft is obliged to pay the draft (i) according to its terms at the time it was accepted, even though ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.414 - Obligation Of Drawer
  (a) This section does not apply to cashier's checks or other drafts drawn on the drawer. (b) If an unaccepted draft is dishonored, the drawer ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.415 - Obligation Of Indorser
  (a) Subject to Subsections (b), (c), (d), and (e) and to Section 3.419(d), if an instrument is dishonored, an indorser is obliged to pay the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.416 - Transfer Warranties
  (a) A person who transfers an instrument for consideration warrants to the transferee and, if the transfer is by indorsement, to any subsequent transferee that: ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.417 - Presentment Warranties
  (a) If an unaccepted draft is presented to the drawee for payment or acceptance and the drawee pays or accepts the draft, (i) the person ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.418 - Payment Or Acceptance By Mistake
  (a) Except as provided in Subsection (c), if the drawee of a draft pays or accepts the draft and the drawee acted on the mistaken ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.419 - Instruments Signed For Accommodation
  (a) If an instrument is issued for value given for the benefit of a party to the instrument ("accommodated party") and another party to the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.420 - Conversion Of Instrument
  (a) The law applicable to conversion of personal property applies to instruments. An instrument is also converted if it is taken by transfer, other than ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.501 - Presentment
  (a) "Presentment" means a demand made by or on behalf of a person entitled to enforce an instrument to: (1) pay the instrument made to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.502 - Dishonor
  (a) Dishonor of a note is governed by the following rules: (1) If the note is payable on demand, the note is dishonored if presentment ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.503 - Notice Of Dishonor
  (a) The obligation of an indorser stated in Section 3.415(a) and the obligation of a drawer stated in Section 3.414(d) may not be enforced unless: ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.504 - Excused Presentment And Notice Of Dishonor
  (a) Presentment for payment or acceptance of an instrument is excused if: (1) the person entitled to present the instrument cannot with reasonable diligence make ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.505 - Evidence Of Dishonor
  (a) The following are admissible as evidence and create a presumption of dishonor and of any notice of dishonor stated: (1) a document regular in ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.506 - Processing Fee By Holder Of Payment Device
  (a) For purposes of this section, "payment device" means any check, item, paper or electronic payment, or other payment device used as a medium for ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.601 - Discharge And Effect Of Discharge
  (a) The obligation of a party to pay the instrument is discharged as stated in this chapter or by an act or agreement with the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.602 - Payment
  (a) Subject to Subsection (e), an instrument is paid to the extent payment is made by or on behalf of a party obliged to pay ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.603 - Tender Of Payment
  (a) If tender of payment of an obligation to pay an instrument is made to a person entitled to enforce the instrument, the effect of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.604 - Discharge By Cancellation Or Renunciation
  (a) A person entitled to enforce an instrument, with or without consideration, may discharge the obligation of a party to pay the instrument: (1) by ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 3.605 - Discharge Of Secondary Obligors
  (a) If a person entitled to enforce an instrument releases the obligation of a principal obligor in whole or in part, and another party to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.101 - Short Title
  This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Bank Deposits and Collections. Acts 1967, 60th Leg., p. 2343, ch. 785, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.102 - Applicability
  (a) To the extent that items within this chapter are also within Chapters 3 and 8, they are subject to those chapters. If there is ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.103 - Variation By Agreement; Measure Of Damages; Action Constituting Ordinary Care
  (a) The effect of the provisions of this chapter may be varied by agreement, but the parties to the agreement cannot disclaim a bank's responsibility ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.104 - Definitions And Index Of Definitions
  (a) In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires: (1) "Account" means any deposit or credit account with a bank, including a demand, time, savings, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.105 - "Bank"; "Depositary Bank"; "Intermediary Bank"; "Collecting Bank"; "Payor Bank"; "Presenting Bank"
  In this chapter: (1) "Bank" means a person engaged in the business of banking, including a savings bank, savings and loan association, credit union, or ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.106 - Payable Through Or Payable At Bank; Collecting Bank
  (a) If an item states that it is "payable through" a bank identified in the item, the item: (1) designates the bank as a collecting ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.107 - Separate Office Of A Bank
  A branch or separate office of a bank is a separate bank for the purpose of computing the time within which and determining the place ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.108 - Time Of Receipt Of Items
  (a) For the purpose of allowing time to process items, prove balances, and make the necessary entries on its books to determine its position for ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.109 - Delays
  (a) Unless otherwise instructed, a collecting bank in a good faith effort to secure payment of a specific item drawn on a payor other than ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.110 - Electronic Presentment
  (a) "Agreement for electronic presentment" means an agreement, clearing-house rule, or Federal Reserve regulation or operating circular providing that presentment of an item may be ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.111 - Statute Of Limitations
  An action to enforce an obligation, duty, or right arising under this chapter must be commenced within three years after the cause of action accrues. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.112 - Payment Of Check At Par
  (a) Except as otherwise provided by Chapter 3 or this chapter, a payor bank shall pay a check drawn on it against an account with ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.201 - Status Of Collecting Bank As Agent And Provisional Status Of Credits; Applicability Of Chapter; Item Indorsed "Pay Any Bank"
  (a) Unless a contrary intent clearly appears and before the time that a settlement given by a collecting bank for an item is or becomes ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.202 - Responsibility For Collection Or Return; When Action Timely
  (a) A collecting bank must exercise ordinary care in: (1) presenting an item or sending it for presentment; (2) sending notice of dishonor or non-payment ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.203 - Effect Of Instructions
  Subject to Chapter 3 concerning conversion of instruments (Section 3.420) and restrictive indorsements (Section 3.206), only a collecting bank's transferor can give instructions that affect ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.204 - Methods Of Sending And Presenting; Sending Directly To Payor Bank
  (a) A collecting bank shall send items by a reasonably prompt method, taking into consideration relevant instructions, the nature of the item, the number of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.205 - Depository Bank Holder Of Unindorsed Item
  If a customer delivers an item to a depositary bank for collection, the depositary bank: (1) becomes a holder of the item at the time ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.206 - Transfer Between Banks
  Any agreed method that identifies the transferor bank is sufficient for the item's further transfer to another bank. Acts 1967, 60th Leg., p. 2343, ch. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.207 - Transfer Warranties
  (a) A customer or collecting bank that transfers an item and receives a settlement or other consideration warrants to the transferee and to any subsequent ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.208 - Presentment Warranties
  (a) If an unaccepted draft is presented to the drawee for payment or acceptance and the drawee pays or accepts the draft, (i) the person ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.209 - Encoding And Retention Warranties
  (a) A person who encodes information on or with respect to an item after issue warrants to any subsequent collecting bank and to the payor ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.210 - Security Interest Of Collecting Bank In Items, Accompanying Documents And Proceeds
  (a) A collecting bank has a security interest in an item and any accompanying documents or the proceeds of either: (1) in case of an ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.211 - When Bank Gives Value For Purposes Of Holder In Due Course
  For purposes of determining its status as a holder in due course, a bank has given value to the extent it has a security interest ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.212 - Presentment By Notice Of Item Not Payable By, Through Or At A Bank; Liability Of Drawer Or Indorser
  (a) Unless otherwise instructed, a collecting bank may present an item not payable by, through, or at a bank by sending to the party to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.213 - Medium And Time Of Settlement By Bank
  (a) With respect to settlement by a bank, the medium and time of settlement may be prescribed by Federal Reserve regulations or circulars, clearing-house rules, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.214 - Right Of Charge-Back Or Refund; Liability Of Collecting Bank; Return Of Item
  (a) If a collecting bank has made provisional settlement with its customer for an item and fails by reason of dishonor, suspension of payments by ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.215 - Final Payment Of Item By Payor Bank; When Provisional Debits And Credits Become Final; When Certain Credits Become Available For Withdrawal
  (a) An item is finally paid by a payor bank when the bank has first done any of the following: (1) paid the item in ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.216 - Insolvency And Preference
  (a) If an item is in or comes into the possession of a payor or collecting bank that suspends payment and the item has not ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.301 - Deferred Posting; Recovery Of Payment By Return Of Items; Time Of Dishonor; Return Of Items By Payor Bank
  (a) If a payor bank settles for a demand item other than a documentary draft presented otherwise than for immediate payment over the counter before ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.302 - Payor Bank's Responsibility For Late Return Of Item
  (a) If an item is presented to and received by a payor bank, the bank is accountable for the amount of: (1) a demand item, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.303 - When Items Subject To Notice, Stop-Payment Order, Legal Process, Or Setoff; Order In Which Items May Be Charged Or Certified
  (a) Any knowledge, notice, or stop-payment order received by, legal process served upon, or setoff exercised by a payor bank comes too late to terminate, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.401 - When Bank May Charge Customer's Account
  (a) A bank may charge against the account of a customer an item that is properly payable from that account even though the charge creates ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.402 - Bank's Liability To Customer For Wrongful Dishonor
  (a) Except as otherwise provided by this chapter, a payor bank wrongfully dishonors an item if it dishonors an item that is properly payable, but ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.403 - Customer's Right To Stop Payment; Burden Of Proof Of Loss
  (a) A customer or any person authorized to draw on the account if there is more than one person may stop payment of any item ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.404 - Bank Not Obligated To Pay Check More Than Six Months Old
  A bank is under no obligation to a customer having a checking account to pay a check, other than a certified check, that is presented ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.405 - Death Or Incompetence Of Customer
  (a) A payor or collecting bank's authority to accept, pay, or collect an item or to account for proceeds of its collection, if otherwise effective, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.406 - Customer's Duty To Discover And Report Unauthorized Signature Or Alteration
  (a) A bank that sends or makes available to a customer a statement of account showing payment of items for the account shall either return ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.407 - Payor Bank's Right To Subrogation On Improper Payment
  If a payor bank has paid an item over the order of the drawer or maker to stop payment, or after an account has been ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.501 - Handling Of Documentary Drafts; Duty To Send For Presentment And To Notify Customer Of Dishonor
  A bank that takes a documentary draft for collection shall present or send the draft and accompanying documents for presentment and, upon learning that the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.502 - Presentment Of "On Arrival" Drafts
  If a draft or the relevant instructions require presentment "on arrival", "when goods arrive", or the like, the collecting bank need not present until in ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.503 - Responsibility Of Presenting Bank For Documents And Goods; Report Of Reasons For Dishonor; Referee In Case Of Need
  Unless otherwise instructed and except as provided in Chapter 5, a bank presenting a documentary draft: (1) must deliver the documents to the drawee on ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 4.504 - Privilege Of Presenting Bank To Deal With Goods; Security Interest For Expenses
  (a) A presenting bank that, following the dishonor of a documentary draft, has seasonably requested instructions but does not receive them within a reasonable time ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.101 - Short Title
  This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Letters of Credit. Amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 4, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1999. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.102 - Definitions
  (a) in this chapter: (1) "Adviser" means a person who, at the request of the issuer, a confirmer, or another adviser, notifies or requests another ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.103 - Scope
  (a) This chapter applies to letters of credit and to certain rights and obligations arising out of transactions involving letters of credit. (b) The statement ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.104 - Formal Requirements
  A letter of credit, confirmation, advice, transfer, amendment, or cancellation may be issued in any form that is a record and is authenticated: (1) by ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.105 - Consideration
  Consideration is not required to issue, amend, transfer, or cancel a letter of credit, advice, or confirmation. Amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 4, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.106 - Issuance, Amendment, Cancellation, And Duration
  (a) A letter of credit is issued and becomes enforceable according to its terms against the issuer when the issuer sends or otherwise transmits it ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.107 - Confirmer, Nominated Person, And Adviser
  (a) A confirmer is directly obligated on a letter of credit and has the rights and obligations of an issuer to the extent of its ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.108 - Issuer's Rights And Obligations
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Section 5.109, an issuer shall honor a presentation that, as determined by the standard practice referred to in Subsection ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.109 - Fraud And Forgery
  (a) If a presentation is made that appears on its face strictly to comply with the terms and conditions of the letter of credit, but ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.110 - Warranties
  (a) If its presentation is honored, the beneficiary warrants: (1) to the issuer, any other person to whom presentation is made, and the applicant that ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.111 - Remedies
  (a) If an issuer wrongfully dishonors or repudiates its obligation to pay money under a letter of credit before presentation, the beneficiary, successor, or nominated ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.112 - Transfer Of Letter Of Credit
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Section 5.113, unless a letter of credit provides that it is transferable, the right of a beneficiary to draw ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.113 - Transfer By Operation Of Law
  (a) A successor of a beneficiary may consent to amendments, sign and present documents, and receive payment or other items of value in the name ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.114 - Assignment Of Proceeds
  (a) In this section, "proceeds of a letter of credit" means the cash, check, accepted draft, or other item of value paid or delivered upon ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.115 - Statute Of Limitations
  An action to enforce a right or obligation arising under this chapter must be commenced within one year after the expiration date of the relevant ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.116 - Choice Of Law And Forum
  (a) The liability of an issuer, nominated person, or adviser for action or omission is governed by the law of the jurisdiction chosen by an ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.117 - Subrogation Of Issuer, Applicant, And Nominated Person
  (a) An issuer that honors a beneficiary's presentation is subrogated to the rights of the beneficiary to the same extent as if the issuer were ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 5.118 - Security Interest Of Issuer Or Nominated Person
  (a) An issuer or nominated person has a security interest in a document presented under a letter of credit to the extent that the issuer ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.101 - Short Title
  This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Documents of Title. Acts 1967, 60th Leg., p. 2343, ch. 785, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1967. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.102 - Definitions And Index Of Definitions
  (a) In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires: (1) "Bailee" means a person that by a warehouse receipt, bill of lading, or other document ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.103 - Relation Of Article To Treaty Or Statute
  (a) This chapter is subject to any treaty or statute of the United States or a regulatory statute of this state to the extent the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.104 - Negotiable And Nonnegotiable Document Of Title
  (a) A document of title is negotiable if by its terms the goods are to be delivered to bearer or to the order of a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.105 - Reissuance In Alternative Medium
  (a) Upon request of a person entitled under an electronic document of title, the issuer of the electronic document may issue a tangible document of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.106 - Control Of Electronic Document Of Title
  (a) A person has control of an electronic document of title if a system employed for evidencing the transfer of interests in the electronic document ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.201 - Person That May Issue A Warehouse Receipt; Storage Under Bond
  (a) A warehouse receipt may be issued by any warehouse. (b) If goods, including distilled spirits and agricultural commodities, are stored under a statute requiring ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.202 - Form Of Warehouse Receipt
  (a) A warehouse receipt need not be in any particular form. (b) Unless a warehouse receipt provides for each of the following, the warehouse is ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.203 - Liability For Nonreceipt Or Misdescription
  A party to or purchaser for value in good faith of a document of title, other than a bill of lading, that relies upon the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.204 - Duty Of Care; Contractual Limitation Of Warehouse's Liability
  (a) A warehouse is liable for damages for loss of or injury to the goods caused by its failure to exercise care with regard to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.205 - Title Under Warehouse Receipt Defeated In Certain Cases
  A buyer in ordinary course of business of fungible goods sold and delivered by a warehouse that is also in the business of buying and ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.206 - Termination Of Storage At Warehouse's Option
  (a) A warehouse, by giving notice to the person on whose account the goods are held and any other person known to claim an interest ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.207 - Goods Must Be Kept Separate; Fungible Goods
  (a) Unless the warehouse receipt provides otherwise, a warehouse shall keep separate the goods covered by each receipt so as to permit at all times ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.208 - Altered Warehouse Receipts
  If a blank in a negotiable tangible warehouse receipt has been filled in without authority, a good faith purchaser for value and without notice of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.209 - Lien Of Warehouse
  (a) A warehouse has a lien against the bailor on the goods covered by a warehouse receipt or storage agreement or on the proceeds thereof ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.210 - Enforcement Of Warehouse's Lien
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (b), a warehouse's lien may be enforced by public or private sale of the goods, in bulk or ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.301 - Liability For Nonreceipt Or Misdescription; "Said To Contain"; "Shipper's Load And Count"; Improper Handling
  (a) A consignee of a nonnegotiable bill of lading which has given value in good faith, or a holder to which a negotiable bill has ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.302 - Through Bills Of Lading And Similar Documents Of Title
  (a) The issuer of a through bill of lading or other document of title embodying an undertaking to be performed in part by a person ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.303 - Diversion; Reconsignment; Change Of Instructions
  (a) Unless the bill of lading otherwise provides, a carrier may deliver the goods to a person or destination other than that stated in the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.304 - Tangible Bills Of Lading In Set
  (a) Except as customary in international transportation, a tangible bill of lading may not be issued in a set of parts. The issuer is liable ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.305 - Destination Bills
  (a) Instead of issuing a bill of lading to the consignor at the place of shipment, a carrier, at the request of the consignor, may ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.306 - Altered Bills Of Lading
  An unauthorized alteration or filling in of a blank in a bill of lading leaves the bill enforceable according to its original tenor. Acts 1967, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.307 - Lien Of Carrier
  (a) A carrier has a lien on the goods covered by a bill of lading or on the proceeds thereof in its possession for charges ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.308 - Enforcement Of Carrier's Lien
  (a) A carrier's lien on goods may be enforced by public or private sale of the goods, in bulk or in packages, at any time ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.309 - Duty Of Care; Contractual Limitation Of Carrier's Liability
  (a) A carrier that issues a bill of lading, whether negotiable or nonnegotiable, shall exercise the degree of care in relation to the goods which ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.401 - Irregularities In Issue Of Receipt Or Bill Or Conduct Of Issuer
  The obligations imposed by this chapter on an issuer apply to a document of title even if: (1) the document does not comply with the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.402 - Duplicate Document Of Title; Overissue
  A duplicate or any other document of title purporting to cover goods already represented by an outstanding document of the same issuer does not confer ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.403 - Obligation Of Warehouse Or Carrier To Deliver; Excuse
  (a) A bailee shall deliver the goods to a person entitled under a document of title if the person complies with Subsections (b) and (c), ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.404 - No Liability For Good Faith Delivery Pursuant To Document Of Title
  A bailee that in good faith has received goods and delivered or otherwise disposed of the goods according to the terms of a document of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.501 - Form Of Negotiation And Requirements Of Due Negotiation
  (a) The following rules apply to a negotiable tangible document of title: (1) If the document's original terms run to the order of a named ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.502 - Rights Acquired By Due Negotiation
  (a) Subject to Sections 7.205 and 7.503, a holder to which a negotiable document of title has been duly negotiated acquires thereby: (1) title to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.503 - Document Of Title To Goods Defeated In Certain Cases
  (a) A document of title confers no right in goods against a person that before issuance of the document had a legal interest or a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.504 - Rights Acquired In Absence Of Due Negotiation; Effect Of Diversion; Stoppage Of Delivery
  (a) A transferee of a document of title, whether negotiable or nonnegotiable, to which the document has been delivered but not duly negotiated, acquires the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.505 - Indorser Not Guarantor For Other Parties
  The indorsement of a tangible document of title issued by a bailee does not make the indorser liable for any default by the bailee or ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.506 - Delivery Without Indorsement; Right To Compel Indorsement
  The transferee of a negotiable tangible document of title has a specifically enforceable right to have its transferor supply any necessary indorsement, but the transfer ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.507 - Warranties On Negotiation Or Delivery Of Document Of Title
  If a person negotiates or delivers a document of title for value, otherwise than as a mere intermediary under Section 7.508, unless otherwise agreed, the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.508 - Warranties Of Collecting Bank As To Documents Of Title
  A collecting bank or other intermediary known to be entrusted with documents of title on behalf of another or with collection of a draft or ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.509 - Adequate Compliance With Commercial Contract
  Whether a document of title is adequate to fulfill the obligations of a contract for sale, a contract for lease, or the conditions of a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.601 - Lost, Stolen, Or Destroyed Documents Of Title
  (a) If a document of title is lost, stolen, or destroyed, a court may order delivery of the goods or issuance of a substitute document ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.602 - Attachment Of Goods Covered By Negotiable Document Of Title
  Unless a document of title was originally issued upon delivery of the goods by a person that did not have power to dispose of them, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 7.603 - Conflicting Claims; Interpleader
  If more than one person claims title to or possession of the goods, the bailee is excused from delivery until the bailee has a reasonable ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.101 - Short Title
  This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Investment Securities. Amended by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 962, § 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1995. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.102 - Definitions
  (a) In this chapter: (1) "Adverse claim" means a claim that a claimant has a property interest in a financial asset and that it is ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.103 - Rules For Determining Whether Certain Obligations And Interests Are Securities Or Financial Assets
  (a) A share or similar equity interest issued by a corporation, business trust, joint stock company, or similar entity is a security. (b) An investment ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.104 - Acquisition Of Security Or Financial Asset Or Interest Therein
  (a) A person acquires a security or an interest therein under this chapter if: (1) the person is a purchaser to whom a security is ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.105 - Notice Of Adverse Claim
  (a) A person has notice of an adverse claim if: (1) the person knows of the adverse claim; (2) the person is aware of facts ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.106 - Control
  (a) A purchaser has control of a certificated security in bearer form if the certificated security is delivered to the purchaser. (b) A purchaser has ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.107 - Whether Indorsement, Instruction, Or Entitlement Order Is Effective
  (a) "Appropriate person" means: (1) with respect to an indorsement, the person specified by a security certificate or by an effective special indorsement to be ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.108 - Warranties In Direct Holding
  (a) A person who transfers a certificated security to a purchaser for value warrants to the purchaser, and an indorser, if the transfer is by ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.109 - Warranties In Indirect Holding
  (a) A person who originates an entitlement order to a securities intermediary warrants to the securities intermediary that: (1) the entitlement order is made by ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.110 - Applicability; Choice Of Law
  (a) The local law of the issuer's jurisdiction, as specified in Subsection (d), governs: (1) the validity of a security; (2) the rights and duties ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.111 - Clearing Corporation Rules
  A rule adopted by a clearing corporation governing rights and obligations among the clearing corporation and its participants in the clearing corporation is effective even ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.112 - Creditor's Legal Process
  (a) The interest of a debtor in a certificated security may be reached by a creditor only by actual seizure of the security certificate by ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.113 - Statute Of Frauds Inapplicable
  A contract or modification of a contract for the sale or purchase of a security is enforceable whether or not there is a writing signed ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.114 - Evidentiary Rules Concerning Certificated Securities
  The following rules apply in an action on a certificated security against the issuer: (1) Unless specifically denied in the pleadings, each signature on a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.115 - Securities Intermediary And Others Not Liable To Adverse Claimant
  A securities intermediary that has transferred a financial asset pursuant to an effective entitlement order, or a broker or other agent or bailee that has ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.116 - Securities Intermediary As Purchaser For Value
  A securities intermediary that receives a financial asset and establishes a security entitlement to the financial asset in favor of an entitlement holder is a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.201 - Issuer
  (a) With respect to an obligation on or a defense to a security, "issuer" includes a person that: (1) places or authorizes the placing of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.202 - Issuer's Responsibility And Defenses; Notice Of Defect Or Defense
  (a) Even against a purchaser for value and without notice, the terms of a certificated security include terms stated on the certificate and terms made ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.203 - Staleness As Notice Of Defect Or Defense
  After an act or event, other than a call that has been revoked, creating a right to immediate performance of the principal obligation represented by ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.204 - Effect Of Issuer's Restriction On Transfer
  A restriction on transfer of a security imposed by the issuer, even if otherwise lawful, is ineffective against a person without knowledge of the restriction ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.205 - Effect Of Unauthorized Signature On Security Certificate
  An unauthorized signature placed on a security certificate before or in the course of issue is ineffective, but the signature is effective in favor of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.206 - Completion Or Alteration Of Security Certificate
  (a) If a security certificate contains the signatures necessary to its issue or transfer but is incomplete in any other respect: (1) any person may ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.207 - Rights And Duties Of Issuer With Respect To Registered Owners
  (a) Before due presentment for registration of transfer of a certificated security in registered form or of an instruction requesting registration of transfer of an ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.208 - Effect Of Signature Of Authenticating Trustee, Registrar, Or Transfer Agent
  (a) A person signing a security certificate as authenticating trustee, registrar, transfer agent, or the like warrants to a purchaser for value of the certificated ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.209 - Issuer's Lien
  A lien in favor of an issuer on a certificated security is valid against a purchaser only if the right of the issuer to the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.210 - Overissue
  (a) In this section, "overissue" means the issue of securities in excess of the amount the issuer has corporate power to issue, but an overissue ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.301 - Delivery
  (a) Delivery of a certificated security to a purchaser occurs when: (1) the purchaser acquires possession of the security certificate; (2) another person, other than ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.302 - Rights Of Purchaser
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsections (b) and (c), a purchaser of a certificated or uncertificated security acquires all rights in the security that ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.303 - Protected Purchaser
  (a) "Protected purchaser" means a purchaser of a certificated or uncertificated security, or of an interest therein, who: (1) gives value; (2) does not have ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.304 - Indorsement
  (a) An indorsement may be in blank or special. An indorsement in blank includes an indorsement to bearer. A special indorsement specifies to whom a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.305 - Instruction
  (a) If an instruction has been originated by an appropriate person but is incomplete in any other respect, any person may complete it as authorized ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.306 - Effect Of Guaranteeing Signature, Indorsement, Or Instruction
  (a) A person who guarantees a signature of an indorser of a security certificate warrants that at the time of signing: (1) the signature was ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.307 - Purchaser's Right To Requisites For Registration Of Transfer
  Unless otherwise agreed, the transferor of a security on due demand shall supply the purchaser with proof of authority to transfer or with any other ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.401 - Duty Of Issuer To Register Transfer
  (a) If a certificated security in registered form is presented to an issuer with a request to register transfer or an instruction is presented to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.402 - Assurance That Indorsement Or Instruction Is Effective
  (a) An issuer may require the following assurance that each necessary indorsement or each instruction is genuine and authorized: (1) in all cases, a guaranty ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.403 - Demand That Issuer Not Register Transfer
  (a) A person who is an appropriate person to make an indorsement or originate an instruction may demand that the issuer not register transfer of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.404 - Wrongful Registration
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Section 8.406, an issuer is liable for wrongful registration of transfer if the issuer has registered a transfer of ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.405 - Replacement Of Lost, Destroyed, Or Wrongfully Taken Security Certificate
  (a) If an owner of a certificated security, whether in registered or bearer form, claims that the certificate has been lost, destroyed, or wrongfully taken, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.406 - Obligation To Notify Issuer Of Lost, Destroyed, Or Wrongfully Taken Security Certificate
  If a security certificate has been lost, apparently destroyed, or wrongfully taken, and the owner fails to notify the issuer of that fact within a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.407 - Authenticating Trustee, Transfer Agent, And Registrar
  A person acting as authenticating trustee, transfer agent, registrar, or other agent for an issuer in the registration of a transfer of its securities, in ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.501 - Securities Account; Acquisition Of Security Entitlement From Securities Intermediary
  (a) "Securities account" means an account to which a financial asset is or may be credited in accordance with an agreement under which the person ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.502 - Assertion Of Adverse Claim Against Entitlement Holder
  An action based on an adverse claim to a financial asset, whether framed in conversion, replevin, constructive trust, equitable lien, or other theory, may not ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.503 - Property Interest Of Entitlement Holder In Financial Asset Held By Securities Intermediary
  (a) To the extent necessary for a securities intermediary to satisfy all security entitlements with respect to a particular financial asset, all interests in that ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.504 - Duty Of Securities Intermediary To Maintain Financial Asset
  (a) A securities intermediary shall promptly obtain and thereafter maintain a financial asset in a quantity corresponding to the aggregate of all security entitlements it ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.505 - Duty Of Securities Intermediary With Respect To Payments And Distributions
  (a) A securities intermediary shall take action to obtain a payment or distribution made by the issuer of a financial asset. A securities intermediary satisfies ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.506 - Duty Of Securities Intermediary To Exercise Rights As Directed By Entitlement Holder
  A securities intermediary shall exercise rights with respect to a financial asset if directed to do so by an entitlement holder. A securities intermediary satisfies ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.507 - Duty Of Securities Intermediary To Comply With Entitlement Order
  (a) A securities intermediary shall comply with an entitlement order if the entitlement order is originated by the appropriate person, the securities intermediary has had ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.508 - Duty Of Securities Intermediary To Change Entitlement Holder's Position To Other Form Of Security Holding
  A securities intermediary shall act at the direction of an entitlement holder to change a security entitlement into another available form of holding for which ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.509 - Specification Of Duties Of Securities Intermediary By Other Statute Or Regulation; Manner Of Performance Of Duties Of Securities Intermediary And Exercise Of Rights Of Entitlement Holder
  (a) If the substance of a duty imposed on a securities intermediary by Sections 8.504-8.508 is the subject of another statute, regulation, or rule, compliance ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.510 - Rights Of Purchaser Of Security Entitlement From Entitlement Holder
  (a) In a case not covered by the priority rules in Chapter 9 or the rules stated in Subsection (c), an action based on an ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 8.511 - Priority Among Security Interests And Entitlement Holders
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsections (b) and (c), if a securities intermediary does not have sufficient interests in a particular financial asset to ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.101 - Short Title
  This chapter may be cited as Uniform Commercial Code--Secured Transactions. Amended by Acts 1999, 76th Leg., ch. 414, § 1.01, eff. July 1, 2001. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.102 - Definitions And Index Of Definitions
  (a) In this chapter: (1) "Accession" means goods that are physically united with other goods in such a manner that the identity of the original ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.103 - Purchase-Money Security Interest; Application Of Payments; Burden Of Establishing
  (a) In this section: (1) "Purchase-money collateral" means goods or software that secures a purchase-money obligation incurred with respect to that collateral. (2) "Purchase-money obligation" ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.104 - Control Of Deposit Account
  (a) A secured party has control of a deposit account if: (1) the secured party is the bank with which the deposit account is maintained; ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.105 - Control Of Electronic Chattel Paper
  A secured party has control of electronic chattel paper if the record or records comprising the chattel paper are created, stored, and assigned in such ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.106 - Control Of Investment Property
  (a) A person has control of a certificated security, uncertificated security, or security entitlement as provided in Section 8.106. (b) A secured party has control ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.107 - Control Of Letter-Of-Credit Right
  A secured party has control of a letter-of-credit right to the extent of any right to payment or performance by the issuer or any nominated ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.108 - Sufficiency Of Description
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsections (c), (d), and (e), a description of personal or real property is sufficient, whether or not it is ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.109 - Scope
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsections (c), (d), and (e), this chapter applies to: (1) a transaction, regardless of its form, that creates a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.110 - Security Interests Arising Under Chapter 2 Or 2a
  A security interest arising under Section 2.401, 2.505, 2.711(c), or 2A.508(e) is subject to this chapter. However, until the debtor obtains possession of the goods: ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.201 - General Effectiveness Of Security Agreement
  (a) Except as otherwise provided by this title, a security agreement is effective according to its terms between the parties, against purchasers of the collateral, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.202 - Title To Collateral Immaterial
  Except as otherwise provided with respect to consignments or sales of accounts, chattel paper, payment intangibles, or promissory notes, the provisions of this chapter with ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.203 - Attachment And Enforceability Of Security Interest; Proceeds; Supporting Obligations; Formal Requisites
  (a) A security interest attaches to collateral when it becomes enforceable against the debtor with respect to the collateral, unless an agreement expressly postpones the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.204 - After-Acquired Property; Future Advances
  (a) Except as provided in Subsection (b), a security agreement may create or provide for a security interest in after-acquired collateral. (b) A security interest ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.205 - Use Or Disposition Of Collateral Permissible
  (a) A security interest is not invalid or fraudulent against creditors solely because: (1) the debtor has the right or ability to: (A) use, commingle, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.206 - Security Interest Arising In Purchase Or Delivery Of Financial Asset
  (a) A security interest in favor of a securities intermediary attaches to a person's security entitlement if: (1) the person buys a financial asset through ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.207 - Rights And Duties Of Secured Party Having Possession Or Control Of Collateral
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (d), a secured party shall use reasonable care in the custody and preservation of collateral in the secured ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.208 - Additional Duties Of Secured Party Having Control Of Collateral
  (a) This section applies to cases in which there is no outstanding secured obligation and the secured party is not committed to make advances, incur ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.209 - Duties Of Secured Party If Account Debtor Has Been Notified Of Assignment
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (c), this section applies if: (1) there is no outstanding secured obligation; and (2) the secured party is ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.210 - Request For Accounting; Request Regarding List Of Collateral Or Statement Of Account
  (a) In this section: (1) "Request" means a record of a type described in Subdivision (2), (3), or (4). (2) "Request for an accounting" means ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.301 - Law Governing Perfection And Priority Of Security Interests
  Except as otherwise provided in Sections 9.303 through 9.306, the following rules determine the law governing perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.302 - Law Governing Perfection And Priority Of Agricultural Liens
  While farm products are located in a jurisdiction, the local law of that jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.303 - Law Governing Perfection And Priority Of Security Interests In Goods Covered By A Certificate Of Title
  (a) This section applies to goods covered by a certificate of title, even if there is no other relationship between the jurisdiction under whose certificate ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.304 - Law Governing Perfection And Priority Of Security Interests In Deposit Accounts
  (a) The local law of a bank's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, and the priority of a security interest in a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.305 - Law Governing Perfection And Priority Of Security Interests In Investment Property
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (c), the following rules apply: (1) While a security certificate is located in a jurisdiction, the local law ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.306 - Law Governing Perfection And Priority Of Security Interests In Letter-Of-Credit Rights
  (a) Subject to Subsection (c), the local law of the issuer's jurisdiction or a nominated person's jurisdiction governs perfection, the effect of perfection or nonperfection, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.307 - Location Of Debtor
  (a) In this section, "place of business" means a place where a debtor conducts its affairs. (b) Except as otherwise provided in this section, the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.308 - When Security Interest Or Agricultural Lien Is Perfected; Continuity Of Perfection
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section and Section 9.309, a security interest is perfected if it has attached and all of the applicable ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.309 - Security Interest Perfected Upon Attachment
  The following security interests are perfected when they attach: (1) a purchase money security interest in consumer goods, except as otherwise provided in Section 9.311(b) ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.310 - When Filing Required To Perfect Security Interest Or Agricultural Lien; Security Interests And Agricultural Liens To Which Filing Provisions Do Not Apply
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (b) and Section 9.312(b), a financing statement must be filed to perfect all security interests and agricultural liens. ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.311 - Perfection Of Security Interests In Property Subject To Certain Statutes, Regulations, And Treaties
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (d), the filing of a financing statement is not necessary or effective to perfect a security interest in ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.312 - Perfection Of Security Interests In Chattel Paper, Deposit Accounts, Documents, And Goods Covered By Documents, Instruments, Investment Property, Letter-Of-Credit Rights, And Money; Perfection By Permissive Filing; Temporary Perfection Without Filing Or Transfer Of Possession
  (a) A security interest in chattel paper, negotiable documents, instruments, or investment property may be perfected by filing. (b) Except as otherwise provided in Sections ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.313 - When Possession By Or Delivery To Secured Party Perfects Security Interest Without Filing
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (b), a secured party may perfect a security interest in tangible negotiable documents, goods, instruments, money, or tangible ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.314 - Perfection By Control
  (a) A security interest in investment property, deposit accounts, letter-of-credit rights, electronic chattel paper, or electronic documents may be perfected by control of the collateral ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.315 - Secured Party's Rights On Disposition Of Collateral And In Proceeds
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in this chapter and Section 2.403(b): (1) a security interest or agricultural lien continues in collateral notwithstanding sale, lease, license, ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.316 - Continued Perfection Of Security Interest Following Change In Governing Law
  (a) A security interest perfected pursuant to the law of the jurisdiction designated in Section 9.301(1) or 9.305(c) remains perfected until the earliest of: (1) ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.317 - Interests That Take Priority Over Or Take Free Of Security Interest Or Agricultural Lien
  (a) A security interest or agricultural lien is subordinate to the rights of: (1) a person entitled to priority under Section 9.322; and (2) except ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.318 - No Interest Retained In Right To Payment That Is Sold; Rights And Title Of Seller Of Account Or Chattel Paper With Respect To Creditors And Purchasers
  (a) A debtor that has sold an account, chattel paper, payment intangible, or promissory note does not retain a legal or equitable interest in the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.319 - Rights And Title Of Consignee With Respect To Creditors And Purchasers
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (b), for purposes of determining the rights of creditors of, and purchasers for value of goods from, a ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.320 - Buyers Of Goods
  (a) Except as otherwise provided by Subsection (e), a buyer in ordinary course of business, other than a person buying farm products from a person ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.321 - Licensee Of General Intangible And Lessee Of Goods In Ordinary Course Of Business
  (a) In this section, "licensee in ordinary course of business" means a person that becomes a licensee of a general intangible in good faith, without ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.322 - Priorities Among Conflicting Security Interests In And Agricultural Liens On Same Collateral
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in this section, priority among conflicting security interests and agricultural liens in the same collateral is determined according to the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.323 - Future Advances
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (c), for purposes of determining the priority of a perfected security interest under Section 9.322(a)(1), perfection of the ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.324 - Priority Of Purchase-Money Security Interests
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (g), a perfected purchase-money security interest in goods other than inventory or livestock has priority over a conflicting ...
• Texas Business & Commerce Code Section 9.325 - Priority Of Security Interests In Transferred Collateral
  (a) Except as otherwise provided in Subsection (b), a security interest created by a debtor is subordinate to a security interest in the same collateral ...