Ex parte FUJISAWA - Page 3




          Appeal No. 95-3852                                                          
          Application 07/885,945                                                      


          is to be made under 35 U.S.C. § 103, the proper standard is                 
          whether the design would have been obvious to a designer of                 
          ordinary skill who designs articles of the type involved.  See              
          In re Nalbandian, 661 F.2d 1214, 1217, 211 USPQ 782, 785 (CCPA              
          1981).  Furthermore, as a starting point for a § 103 rejection,             
          there must be a reference, a “something in existence,” the design           
          characteristics of which are basically the same as the claimed              
          design:                                                                     
                         Thus there must be a reference, a                            
                    something in existence, the design                                
                    characteristics of which are basically the                        
                    same as the claimed design in order to                            
                    support a holding of obviousness.  Such a                         
                    reference is necessary whether the holding is                     
                    based on the basic reference alone or on the                      
                    basic reference in view of modifications                          
                    suggested by secondary references.                                
          Rosen at 673 F.2d 391, 213 USPQ 350.                                        
               The examiner’s position is based upon the view that elements           
          26 and 30 comprise the claimed shutter for an optical disc                  
          cartridge.  Page 5 of the answer indicates that element 28, which           
          is one side of two sides (26 and 28) of the overall shutter 22 in           
          Shiba’s various figures was not a part of the rejection.  This              
          view is well taken by the examiner inasmuch as column 3, lines 64           
          through 68 of Shiba indicates that the shutter assembly may be              



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