Ex Parte WILLIAMS et al - Page 4




          Appeal No. 96-1647                                                          
          Application No. 08/149,026                                                  


          presume all of the computer system(s) and software "required to             
          perform the claimed method is admittedly old" or that "anyone               
          desiring to carry out the process would know" of the computer               
          system(s) and computer software to be used, "none being                     
          specifically described."  In re Fox, 471 F.2d 1405, 1407, 176               
          USPQ 340, 341 (CCPA 1973).                                                  
               According to appellants (Brief, page 24), they have not                
          introduced evidence of nonobviousness (e.g., commercial success)            
          because "the Examiner failed to establish a prima facie case of             
          obviousness."  Appellants’ arguments (Brief, pages 8 through 24)            
          to the contrary notwithstanding, we are of the opinion that the             
          examiner has adequately explained how each of the limitations in            
          the claims on appeal can either be expressly located in Sitrick             
          or can be inferred from the teachings and suggestions thereof.              
          As indicated infra, we likewise believe that the skilled artisan            
          would have known that a third remote computer system in Sitrick             
          can enter or observe a game.  For this reason, the teachings of             
          Sanner2 are merely cumulative to those already found in Sitrick.            



               2 Although Sanner is not from the same field of endeavor as            
          Sitrick, Sanner does, however, address the same problem addressed           
          by Sitrick (i.e., monitoring communications between two other               
          users of the system).  Appellants’ arguments (Brief, pages 6 and            
          7) to the contrary notwithstanding, the terminal computer 21 in             
          Sanner monitors communications between the central processing               
          unit 11 and the terminal computer 25.                                       
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