Ex parte SAITO et al. - Page 11




                 Appeal No. 1997-2387                                                                                                                   
                 Application No. 08/082,373                                                                                                             


                 the applicant’s structure as a template and selecting elements from references to fill the                                             
                 gaps.).                                                                                                                                

                          Having concluded that the examiner has not established a prima facie case of                                                  

                 obviousness, we do not reach appellants' evidence of unexpected results (brief,                                                        
                 pp. 15-16).                                                                                                                            
                          The rejection of claims 1-3, 9, 10, 12-15 and 17-19 under § 103 as unpatentable                                               
                 over Bernoco in view of JP '161 is reversed.                                                                                           
                                                                OTHER ISSUES                                                                            
                          35 U.S.C. § 112, sixth paragraph, provides explicit guidance for interpreting terms                                           
                 written in a "means-plus-function" format.                                                                                             
                                   An element in a claim for a combination may be expressed as a                                                        
                          means or step for performing a specified function without the recital of                                                      
                          structure, material, or acts in support thereof, and such claim shall be                                                      
                          construed to cover the corresponding structure, material, or acts described                                                   
                          in the specification and equivalents thereof.                                                                                 
                 If the specification lacks a disclosed "corresponding structure" for performing the function                                           
                 recited in the claims, neither an actual means nor means that are "equivalent" to the actual                                           
                 means can be determined and the claims are indefinite under § 112, second paragraph.                                                   
                          Here, claim 4 contains terms written in a "means-plus-function" format.  Upon return                                          
                 of this application, the examiner should take a step back and evaluate whether the                                                     




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