Ex parte ILMARINEN - Page 4




          Appeal No. 1997-3816                                                        
          Application No. 08/512,313                                                  


          Brief.  As a result of our review, we have determined that                  
          none of the examiner’s rejections should be sustained.  Our                 
          rationale for arriving at this conclusion follows.                          
               The test for obviousness is what the combined teachings                
          of the prior art would have suggested to one of ordinary skill              
          in the art.  See, for example, In re Keller, 642 F.2d 413,                  
          425, 208 USPQ 871, 881 (CCPA 1981).  In establishing a prima                
          facie case of obviousness, it is incumbent upon the examiner                
          to provide a reason why one of ordinary skill in the art would              
          have been led to modify a prior art reference or to combine                 
          reference teachings                                                         

















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