Ex parte WATKINS - Page 6




          Appeal No. 1998-2260                                                        
          Application No. 08/535,685                                                  


               At the outset, we note the grouping at page 2 of the                   
          brief  as follows: group one as made of claims 1 to 3, 17 to                
          19, and 26 to 28 and, group two of claims 4 to 5, 14 to 16,                 
          and 20 to 25.  However, wherever applicable in our analysis,                
          the merits of the claims will override this grouping.  We                   
          start in the order of  the above grouping.                                  


               Claims 1 to 3, 17 to 19, and 26 to 28                                  
               Even though Appellant treats these claims as one group                 
          and does not argue them individually except for claim 18 which              
          is briefly discussed separately in the brief at page 3, and                 
          further in the reply brief at page 2, we discuss the two                    
          independent claims of this group, 1 and 18, separately because              
          they contain different limitations.  We take claim 1 first.                 
          We agree with the Examiner’s position [answer, pages 3 to 5]                
          that Harvey shows an apparatus and method of aligning two flat              
          substrates 11 and 12 using an optical beam, and that it would               
          have been obvious at the time of invention for an artisan to                
          adopt this technique to the aligning of the flat panels of a                
          display.  Appellant argues that the claimed invention is an                 
          application of the technique to a different physical                        
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