Ex Parte KRAGLE - Page 7



          Appeal No. 2001-0786                                                        
          Application No. 09/089,575                                                  

               Appellant further argues that the proposed "reconstruction"            
          would have the effect of removing the overlapping feedhole                  
          structure in Duerr and require delivery of batch material                   
          directly from the compound feed section to the slots as in                  
          Kragle.  See Brief, pp. 8-9.                                                
               However, one cannot show nonobviousness by attacking the               
          references individually where the rejection is based on the                 
          combined teachings of the references.  As explained by the Court            
          in In re Keller, 642 F.2d 413, 425, 208 USPQ 871, 881 (CCPA                 
          1981):                                                                      
               The test for obviousness is not whether the features of                
               a secondary reference may be bodily incorporated into                  
               the structure of the primary reference; nor is it that                 
               the claimed invention must be expressly suggested in                   
               any one or all of the references.  Rather, the test is                 
               what the combined teachings of the references would                    
               have suggested to those of ordinary skill in the art.                  
               Therefore, it is of no moment that batch material is                   
          delivered directly from the compound feed section to the                    
          discharge slots in Kragle or that the compound feed section in              
          Kragle does not have an overlapping feedhole structure.  The                
          examiner merely relied on Kragle for its teaching of forming a              
          compound feed section in a multilayer structure.                            
               Based on the record before us, we find the facts on which              
          the examiner’s conclusion of obviousness was based to be of                 
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