Appeal No. 2002-0616 Page 2
Application No. 08/693,052
and calcium hydroxide, combined with at least one other adjuvant selected from
the group consisting of a glycosylamide of a specified formula, an octadecyl
ester of an aromatic amino acid, and a lipopeptide which is tripalmityl-S-glyceryl-
cysteinylserin or N-palmityl-S-[2,3-(bis(palmityloxy))-2-(RS)propyl-[R]-cysteine.
The examiner relies upon the following references:
Gupta et al. (Gupta), “Adjuvants – A balance between toxicity and
adjuvanticity,” Vaccine, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 294-306 (1993).
Richards et al. (Richards), “Liposomes, Lipid A, and Aluminum
Hydroxide Enhance the Immune Response to a Synthetic Malaria
Sporozite Antigen,” Infection and Immunology, Vol. 56, No. 3, pp.
682-686 (1988)
Masihi et al. (Masihi), “Immunobiological Activities on Nontoxic
Lipid A: Enhancement of Nonspecific Resistance in Combination
with Trehalose Dimycolate Against Viral Infection and Adjuvant
Effects,” International Journal of Immunopharmacology, Vol. 8, No.
3, pp. 339-345 (1986)
Stünkel et al. (Stünkel), “Synthetic Glycolipids with
Immunopotentiating Activity on Humoral Immunity: Evaluation In
Vivo,” Cellular Basis in Immune Modulation: Progress in Leukocyte
Biology, Vol. 9, pp. 575-579, Alan R. Liss, Inc. (1989)
Penney et al. (Penney), “Analysis of the immunoadjuvant octadecyl
tyrosine hydrochloride,” Journal of Biological Standardization, Vol.
14, No. 4, pp. 345-349 (1986)
Weismüller et al. (Weismüller), “Novel low-molecular weight
synthetic vaccine against foot-and-mouth disease containing a
potent B-cell and macrophage activator,” Vaccine, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp.
29-33 (1989)
Ramasamy et al. (Ramasamy), “Peptides Derived from a Malaria
Parasite Surface Antigen – Effect of Adjuvants and Number of
Immunizations on the Total Antibody Response in Mice,” J. Natn.
Sci. Coun. Sri Lanka, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 125-140 (1993)
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