Michael J. Heckler, a.k.a. Michael Vonheckler and Charlotte A. Miska - Page 5

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          petitioners, they have not shown that it was given without due              
          regard to his own personal stake in Irving & Co.  As the                    
          promoter, Schneider had a motive to say what was necessary in               
          order to get petitioners to invest in Irving & Co.  Because                 
          Schneider was not a disinterested source, petitioners should have           
          investigated or sought independent professional advice regarding            
          the validity or viability of the investment.  They did not do so.           
               In support of their position, petitioner stated that he was            
          only a limited partner in Irving & Co. and that he did not have             
          any material knowledge of the business.  He never saw a                     
          prospectus, any books or records, or met any of the principals in           
          Irving & Co., other than Schneider.  He testified that he simply            
          gave Schneider $3,000 with the hope of making a profit.  He                 
          considered himself an engineer with no experience in business               
          investments.  When petitioner was questioned regarding how he was           
          going to make money, his response was that he would receive a               
          share of the profits from the business.  He did not know how the            
          business would generate any profits.                                        
               We believe that a reasonable investor would have done more             
          to protect his investment than what petitioner did in the instant           
          case.  Although petitioner claimed that he lacked knowledge                 
          regarding business investments, a reasonable person, especially             
          one as educated as petitioner, would be prudent enough to at                
          least question the genuineness of the business before investing             





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