Ex parte YEUNG et al. - Page 8




          Appeal No. 94-4081                                                          
          Application 07/750,031                                                      


                    The nature of the response is one of                              
                    replacement. Local charge neutrality (uniform                     
                    cation distribution) and competition for                          
                    available anion exchange sites cause a                            
                    depletion of salicylate [the fluorescing ion]                     
                    where the analyte ions reside, producing a                        
                    lower fluorescence signal.                                        

               Appellants also argue that the reference does not teach the            
          method of indirect detection combined with the concept of laser             
          scanning and detection of lack of light intensity (main brief,              
          pages 19 and 28).  As discussed above, Ma does disclose the                 
          method of indirect detection as set forth in the appealed claims,           
          including detection of lack of light intensity (page 723, left              
          column, first two full paragraphs, and the above-quoted portion             
          of the right column).  Ma also discloses laser fluorometry (page            
          723, left column, lines 2-4) and the expectation of improved                
          detectability with laser-excited fluorescence (page 724, right              
          column).  As admitted by appellants, the “[P]rior art clearly               
          uses laser scanning to excite fluorescing particles.” (main                 
          brief, page 24, and see also page 37 of the main brief, second              
          full paragraph).  The use of well known laser-excited                       
          fluorescence or scanning in the detection scheme of Ma is clearly           
          suggested.  See In re O’Farrell, 853 F.2d 894, 903-904, 7 USPQ2d            



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