Ex parte MILLER et al. - Page 10




            Appeal No. 1997-1008                                                                         
            Application No. 08/328,394                                                                   


                  Appellants further contend that changing the track being                               
            displayed based on user input as taught by Preston does not                                  
            teach or suggest combining the location selection of Aisaka                                  
            with the video icons of Tonomura.  However, as the examiner                                  
            points out, at pages 4-5 of the answer, it is not the changing                               
            of the track in Preston that is important to the instant                                     
            rejection but, rather, Preston is used to teach pointer                                      
            selection of pixels within a moving image, a teaching which,                                 
            when combined with Aisaka’s teaching of picking still image                                  
            positions with a pointer and Tonomura’s teaching of displaying                               
            multiple selectable live-motion image regions, results in the                                
            claimed subject matter.                                                                      
                  It appears that appellants’ arguments are nothing more                                 
            than arguments against each reference individually as to the                                 
            deficiency of that reference.  However, one cannot show                                      
            nonobviousness by attacking the references individually where                                
            the rejection is based on a combination of references.  In re                                
            Keller, 642 F.2d 413, 425, 208 USPQ 871, 881 (CCPA 1981).                                    
                  We do not contend that there is no argument that could be                              
            made to overcome the examiner’s prima facie case of                                          
            obviousness of the subject matter of claims 1 through 39.                                    
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