Ex parte MARKANDEY et al. - Page 5




              Appeal No. 1997-1981                                                                                         
              Application No. 08/298,547                                                                                   


                     Appellants argue that Hartnett does not suggest multiplying the input elements by                     
              the scaled filter coefficients and then summing the multiplied inputs to get the output                      
              elements.  (See brief at page 6.)   The examiner argues that appellants are arguing the                      
              references individually rather than the combined teachings of the references.                                
              (See answer at pages 5 and 6.)  We agree with the examiner.  The examiner relies on                          
              Niehaus for this teaching.  Niehaus clearly discloses that the Infinite Impulse Response (IIR)               
              filter and the Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters use the weighted sums of present and                    
              previous inputs.   (See Niehaus at col. 2.)  Since the filters of Hartnett and Nakamura are                  
              FIR filters,  the use thereof would similarly be a sum of weighted values.  (See answer at                   
              pages 6-7.)                                                                                                  
                     Appellants argue that there is no suggestion in Hartnett or Nakamura that the scaled                  
              coefficients are based on the close to ideal frequency response estimate.  (See brief at                     
              page 6.)  The examiner relies on the disclosure of Hartnett at page 1768 to disclose the                     
              use of the ideal filter frequency response.   (See answer at page 6.)  Also, Niehaus                         
              discloses the use of various filters depending on the desired characteristics.  Clearly these                
              filter characteristics must be derived from ideal or close to ideal frequency responses.                     
              Furthermore, depending on the use of the filters, the skilled artisan would have been                        
              motivated to use the ideal or close to ideal filter frequency response with image scaling in                 




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