Ex parte YOSHIDA - Page 13




          Appeal No. 1997-3161                                                        
          Application No. 08/450,553                                                  


          in the prior art as a whole or knowledge generally available                
          to one having ordinary skill in the art.  Uniroyal Inc. v.                  
          Rudkin-Wiley Corp., 837 F.2d 1044, 1051, 5 USPQ2d 1434, 1438                
          (Fed. Cir. 1988), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 825 (1988); Ashland                
          Oil, Inc. v. Delta Resins & Refractories, Inc., 776 F.2d 281,               
          293, 227 USPQ 657, 664 (Fed. Cir. 1985), cert. denied, 475                  
          U.S. 1017 (1986); ACS Hosp. Sys., Inc. v. Montefiore Hosp.,                 
          732 F.2d 1572, 1577, 221 USPQ 929, 933 (Fed. Cir. 1984).                    
          These showings by the Examiner are an essential part of                     
          complying with the burden of presenting a prima facie case of               
          obviousness.  Note In re Oetiker, 977 F.2d 1443, 1445, 24                   
          USPQ2d 1443, 1444 (Fed. Cir. 1992).                                         
















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