Ex parte LIU et al. - Page 26




          Appeal No. 1998-1472                                      Page 26           
          Application No. 08/427,721                                                  


          efficiency of a holographic grating whenever detected, said                 
          signal being indicative of a value of the stored data element               
          represented by the detected holographic grating.”                           
          Accordingly, claims 144 and 153 each require creating                       
          holographic gratings by varying the diffraction efficiency of               
          each grating.                                                               


               The examiner fails to show a suggestion of the                         
          limitations in the prior art.  He admits, “Bjorklund et al. as              
          modified [by Takeda] ... fails to specifically teach means for              
          creating holographic gratings with different, diffraction                   
          efficiencies.”  (Final Rejection at 4.)                                     


               Although Murakami teaches recording data on an optical                 
          disk, the data are not recorded as holographic gratings, let                
          alone holographic gratings with different diffraction                       
          efficiencies.  To the contrary, “data pits corresponding to                 
          the data are cut in the recording layer of the disk.”  Col. 1,              
          ll. 36-37.                                                                  










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