Ex parte KOIKE et al. - Page 5




          Appeal No. 1999-1663                                                        
          Application No. 08/715,221                                                  


          488 U.S. 825 (1988); Ashland Oil, Inc. v. Delta Resins &                    
          Refractories, Inc., 776 F.2d 281, 293, 227 USPQ 657, 664 (Fed.              
          Cir. 1985), 475 U.S. 1017 (1986); ACS Hosp. Sys., Inc. v.                   
          Montefiore Hosp., 732 F.2d 1572, 1577, 221 USPQ 929, 933 (Fed.              
          Cir. 1984).  These showings by the examiner are an essential                
          part of complying with the burden of presenting a prima facie               
          case of obviousness.  Note In re Oetiker, 977 F.2d 1443, 1445,              
          24 USPQ2d 1443, 1444 (Fed. Cir. 1992).  If that burden is met,              
          the burden then shifts to the applicant to overcome the prima               
          facie case with argument and/or evidence.  Obviousness is then              
          determined on the basis of the evidence as a whole.  See id.;               
          In re Hedges, 783 F.2d 1038, 1039, 228 USPQ 685, 686 (Fed.                  
          Cir. 1986); In re Piasecki, 745 F.2d 1468, 1472, 223 USPQ 785,              
          788 (Fed. Cir. 1984); and In re Rinehart, 531 F.2d 1048, 1052,              
          189 USPQ 143, 147 (CCPA 1976).                                              
               We consider first the rejection of claim 1 based on the                
          teachings of Thompson (‘836), Thompson (‘081), and Hildebrand.              
          The examiner (answer, page 4) asserts that Thompson (‘836)                  
          teaches propagating a surface wave through a test piece.  The               
          examiner’s position is that Thompson (‘836) discloses all of                

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