Ex parte ONISHI et al. - Page 17




         Appeal No. 1998-2948                                                      
         Application 08/400,861                                                    

         claimed.  The claims only require an anodic oxidation film                
         thickness of 200 Å or more, as recited in claims 1 and 4, or              
         500 Å or more, as recited in claims 3 and 6, both of which are            
         met by the range of thicknesses of 1000 Å to 10000 Å in                   
         Kiyota.                                                                   
              Appellants argue that Kiyota does not disclose an                    
         aluminum alloy containing a rare earth element and, therefore,            
         provides no guidance for the thickness of an anodic oxidation             
         film when the aluminum alloy contains a rare earth element                
         (RBr2-3).  It is argued that the secondary references do not              
         disclose anodically-oxidized aluminum/rare earth element films            
         and, thus, fail to suggest the claimed 200 Å or more thickness            
         (RBr3).                                                                   
              This argument is repetitive of earlier arguments.  While             
         it is true that Kiyota does not disclose the thickness of the             
         anodic oxidation film for an aluminum alloy containing a rare             
         earth element, one of ordinary skill in the art substituting              
         an aluminum/rare earth element alloy for the aluminum alloy in            
         Kiyota would have been motivated to use the disclosed                     
         thickness of anodic oxidation, at least as a starting point.              
         It is not required that Kiyota expressly teach an anodic                  

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