Ex parte NITTEL et al. - Page 3




          Appeal No. 1998-3059                                                        
          Application 08/554,288                                                      


          (abstract).  Knaster does not disclose that the solution                    
          contains magnesium.                                                         
               Schwartz discloses electrolytes for an immersion                       
          electrolytic plating process and teaches that numerous classes              
          of chemical compounds, including magnesium salts, have been                 
          found to enhance, improve and brighten the deposited coating                
          (col. 1,                                                                    
          lines 22-23; col. 2, lines 4-6).  The preferred concentration               
          of the enhancing or modifying agent is 0.1-5 wt% (col. 5,                   
          lines 70-75), and the preferred concentration of a magnesium                
          chloride enhancing or modifying agent is 0.25-1.5 wt% (col. 6,              
          lines 9-10).                                                                
               The examiner does not argue that one of ordinary skill in              
          the art would have combined teachings directed toward                       
          electroless plating with teachings directed toward                          
          electrolytic plating.  The examiner’s argument is that                      
          although Schwartz states that he discloses electrolytes for                 
          immersion electrolytic plating, he actually discloses                       
          solutions for electroless plating (answer, page 4).                         
               The examiner raises two points in support of his                       
          argument.  The first is that Schwartz does not mention an                   

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