Appeal No. 2002-2169 Page 14
Application No. 09/163,286
Here, we find that evidence of a suggestion, teaching, or motivation to combine
flows from the references themselves. Although Liessner does not describe using a
time standard in an orbiting navigation satellite to control its "reference oscillator 12 for
providing a reference oscillator signal f1," col. 3, ll. 64-65, the reference emphasizes
that its "description is not intended to limit the invention. . . ." Col. 8, ll. 47-48. To the
contrary, we find that Liessner invites "[o]ther modifications and implementations" to its
invention. Id. at l. 44.
Turning to Osterdock, we find that the reference recognizes a requirement of
oscillators. Specifically, "[a]ll secondary frequency sources, such as Rubidium fre-
quency standards and quartz oscillators, require periodic calibration. . . ." P. 34, col. 1
(emphasis added). We further find that Osterdock meets the requirement in an
advantageous manner. Specifically, the "use of GPS receivers which are locked to the
satellites can provide the user with very accurate, and traceable, frequency and time
very inexpensively." P. 38, col. 1. "One such GPS receiver is the Stellar GPS
Corporation Model 100 GPS Clock. It is a small, lightweight, low cost, GPS receiver
that has a unique frequency-based architecture offering and easy-to-use precise,
accurate, and stable frequency, as well as time, that can be used directly in calibration
operations." Id. Because Liessner employs an oscillator to provide a reference signal,
and Osterdock meets a requirement of oscillators in a manner that is accurate,
Page: Previous 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 Next
Last modified: November 3, 2007