Ex Parte Higashi et al - Page 14

                Appeal 2007-1529                                                                              
                Application 10/385,722                                                                        

                Claims 12 and 13                                                                              
                      Regarding dependent claims 12 and 13, Appellants present                                
                substantially similar arguments to the additional arguments presented for                     
                dependent claims 5 and 7.  We do not find these arguments persuasive for                      
                essentially the reasons discussed above with respect to claims 5 and 7.  Thus,                
                we shall also affirm the Examiner’s obviousness rejection of dependent                        
                claims 12 and 13, on this record.                                                             
                Claim 36                                                                                      
                      Regarding independent claim 36, Appellants present contentions                          
                paralleling those presented with respect to claim 8 with the notable                          
                distinction that independent claim 36 does not employ the AZ or AM alloy                      
                limitation of claim 8.  Rather, claim 36 allegedly restricts the alloy from                   
                including calcium by employing “consisting essentially of” transitional                       
                phraseology in specifying the required alloy components Mg, Al, Zn, and                       
                Mn.                                                                                           
                      Appellants maintain that the transitional phrase “consisting essentially                
                of” excludes the presence of calcium in the alloy being processed in claim                    
                36.  Appellants assert that the applied EP ‘710 and EP ‘901 references,                       
                which references disclose alloys including at least 0.5 percent calcium, do                   
                not teach or suggest a method corresponding to the claim 36 method.                           
                Moreover, Appellants contend that calcium is a critical component of the                      
                alloys of EP ‘710 and EP ‘901.  Hence, one of ordinary skill in the art would                 
                not have been led to employ an alloy substantially free of calcium as a                       
                substitute for the calcium-containing alloys of EP ‘710 and EP ‘901.                          



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