Ex Parte Yoneda et al - Page 3

                Appeal 2007-1885                                                                                
                Application 11/000,309                                                                          
                The issue presented for review is as follows:                                                   
                       Has the Examiner reasonably determined that a person having                              
                ordinary skill in the art would have been led to form a sterile work chamber                    
                comprising a robot wherein a gas is supplied from outside of the sterile work                   
                chamber to the interior of the robot to establish gas circulation through the                   
                interior of the robot which is discharged to the outside of the robot within                    
                the meaning of 35 U.S.C. § 103?  On this record, we answer this question in                     
                the affirmative.                                                                                
                       Under 35 U.S.C. § 103, the factual inquiry into obviousness requires a                   
                determination of: (1) the scope and content of the prior art; (2) the                           
                differences between the claimed subject matter and the prior art; (3) the level                 
                of ordinary skill in the art; and (4) secondary considerations.  Graham v.                      
                John Deere Co. of Kansas City, 383 U.S. 1, 17-18, 148 USPQ 459,                                 
                467(1966).  “[A]nalysis [of whether the subject matter of a claim would                         
                have been obvious] need not seek out precise teachings directed to the                          
                specific subject matter of the challenged claim, for a court can take account                   
                of the inferences and creative steps that a person of ordinary skill in the art                 
                would employ.”  KSR Int’l Co.  v. Teleflex, Inc., 127 S. Ct. 1727, 1740-41,                     
                82 USPQ2d 1385, 1396 (2007) quoting In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977, 988, 78                           
                USPQ2d 1329, 1336-37 (Fed. Cir. 2006); see also DyStar Textilfarben                             
                GmBH & Co. Deutschland KG v. C.H. Patrick Co., 464 F.3d 1356, 1361, 80                          
                USPQ2d 1641, 1645 (Fed. Cir. 2006)(“The motivation need not be found in                         
                the references sought to be combined, but may be found in any number of                         
                sources, including common knowledge, the prior art as a whole, or the                           
                nature of the problem itself.”); In re Bozek, 416 F.2d 1385, 1390, 163 USPQ                     
                545, 549 (CCPA 1969)(“Having established that this knowledge was in the                         

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