
      (a) Whoever commits an offense against the United States or aids,
    abets, counsels, commands, induces or procures its commission, is
    punishable as a principal.
      (b) Whoever willfully causes an act to be done which if directly
    performed by him or another would be an offense against the United
    States, is punishable as a principal.

                                AMENDMENTS                            
      1951 - Subsec. (a). Act Oct. 31, 1951, inserted "punishable as".
      Subsec. (b). Act Oct. 31, 1951, inserted "willfully" before
    "causes", and "or another" after "him", and substituted "is
    punishable as a principal" for "is also a principal and punishable
    as such".

Last modified: April 12, 2006