Ex parte YAMAMOTO et al. - Page 5




          Appeal No. 96-4156                                                          
          Application 08/218,135                                                      

          Appellants' arguments thereagainst.  Since the Examiner                     
          entered all new grounds of rejection over different prior art               
          in the Examiner's Answer, the Final Rejection (Paper No. 10)                
          is moot.  The Brief (Paper No. 19) (pages referred to as                    
          "Br__") is still relevant for its Summary of the Invention                  
          (Br2-6).                                                                    

                                       OPINION                                        
               The Examiner does not rely on the admission of prior art               
          in the specification, but applies Yamamoto and O'Neil.                      
          Yamamoto discloses a power steering system having an electric               
          motor for assisting in rotating the steering shaft when the                 
          sensed steering torque is too great (abstract).  Yamamoto does              
          not have a "reaction control means" or "failure detecting                   
          means," which are admitted by Appellants to have been known in              
          the art (specification, page 2, lines 13-28; Br3-4).  Thus,                 
          the Examiner has not started the rejection in the best                      
          possible position.                                                          
               O'Neil discloses a "steer-by-wire" system for large                    
          vehicles whose steered wheels are turned by hydraulic                       
          actuators.  The system is essentially a torque demand control               
          where torque at the steered wheels is a more powerful copy of               
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