Ex Parte Li - Page 5

              Appeal 2007-0436                                                                       
              Application 10/125,620                                                                 

                    A motivation to combine prior art references may be found in the                 
              nature of the problem to be solved.  Ruiz v. A.B. Chance Co., 357 F.3d 1270,           
              1276, 69 USPQ2d 1686,1690 (Fed. Cir. 2004).  Additionally, motivation or               
              suggestion is not merely what the references disclose, but whether a person            
              of ordinary skill in the art, possessed with the understanding and knowledge           
              reflected in the prior art, and motivated by the general problem facing the            
              inventor, would have been led to make the combination recited in the claims.           
              See In re Kahn, 441 F.3d 977, 989, 78 USPQ2d 1329, 1337 (Fed. Cir. 2006).              

                                            ANALYSIS                                                 
                    As noted above, the Examiner correctly argues that the error balloon             
              in Evans prompting the user to enter the password is based on the                      
              combination of the values entered in the fields of user identification and             
              password (Answer 18-19).  Namely, Evans teaches displaying a popup                     
              message to a user in a GUI where the popup is shaped to indicate association           
              with at least one area of the GUI.  The popup in Evans is located, at least in         
              part, proximately to a GUI control or field related to the most recent user            
              interaction.  Evans further teaches allowing at least some GUI interaction to          
              occur while said popup is displayed and automatically dismissing the popup             
              when said message has been addressed.                                                  
                    We also agree with the Examiner (Answer 6) that one of ordinary skill            
              in the art at the time of the claimed invention would have found it obvious to         
              combine Grillo with Evans to indicate error and help messages in a clear               
              way that would also relate to multiple values or entries leading to an error           
              message.                                                                               


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