Ex Parte Soininen et al - Page 7

                Appeal 2007-1964                                                                             
                Application 09/940,577                                                                       
                                                                                                            
                with the Examiner that HA1 reasonably corresponds to a “first access node,”                  
                and HAV1 reasonably corresponds to a “first mobility entity.”                                
                      Although the virtual HAs (HAV1 and HAV2) are not physical routers,                     
                but façades adopted by a respective active HA (Leung, col. 7, ll. 43-49),                    
                these virtual HAs nonetheless at least implicitly require a “connection” to                  
                their adopting HA for such emulation functionality to be realized.  At a                     
                minimum, such a “connection” is readily ascertained by noting the lines that                 
                directly connect the boxes representing HAV1, HA1, HA2, and HAV2 as                          
                illustrated in Figure 2B.  Therefore, given this “connection” -- albeit via                  
                emulation -- we find Leung reasonably establishes a session via both (1)                     
                HA1 (the “first access node”), and (2) HAV1 (the “first mobility entity”).                   
                      Referring to Figure 2B of Leung, groups 214 and 216 comprise active                    
                HAs 206 and 208 respectively.  These active HAs, in turn, emulate their                      
                respective virtual HAs (i.e., HAV1 and HAV2).  The HAs also have a                           
                significant backup function: if an HA should fail, the other HA will                         
                automatically assume the role of active HA for the failed HA and its                         
                corresponding emulation functions.  However, this backup HA will also                        
                continue to service its original group (and associated emulation).  For                      
                example, if HA2 fails, HA1 will not only continue to service its own group                   
                214 (with HAV1 emulation) as it did prior to failure, but also assume HA2’s                  
                role in servicing group 216 (with HAV2 emulation).  In this backup                           
                condition, HA1 emulates both HAV1 and HAV2.  Commensurate backup                             
                functions exist in the event HA1 fails instead of HA2 (Leung, col. 8, ll. 44-                
                67).                                                                                         
                      Although we find this backup condition in Leung effectively                            
                constitutes an alternative mobility entity connection with respect to an                     

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