Ex parte MURAKAMI - Page 11




          Appeal No. 95-3405                                                          
          Application 08/077,505                                                      

          the disk drive.                                                             
               The claims are not so specific as to be limited to an                  
          emulation of one printer by another printer of the same general             
          type, e.g., both being all points addressable nonimpact printers,           
          or both being line printers.  Nelson’s conversion of control                
          signals for line printers into control signals for all points               
          addressable nonimpact printers is sufficient to meet the claimed            
          emulation.                                                                  
               The appellant further argues that the claim features are               
          written in means-plus-function format under 35 U.S.C. § 112,                
          sixth paragraph, and that Nelson lacks any structure which is               
          equivalent to the structures disclosed in the appellant’s                   
          specification (Br. at 11-13).  The argument, however, is not                



          supported by any specific comparison of structures except in                
          connection with the backup storage means.  Accordingly, we need             
          to examine equivalence only with respect to that means.                     
               The appellant argues (Br. at 13):                                      
               For example, a person of ordinary skill in the art                     
               would not have recognized the interchangeability of RAM                
               32 and back-up memory 33 for backing up the RAM so as                  
               not to erase a stored emulation program when the                       
               printer is turned off with a ROM or EEPROM, as these                   
               "read only" devices are difficult to replace and                       
               require more time to access, whereas a RAM is easily                   
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