Ex parte NAKATANI et al. - Page 4




           Appeal No. 1997-3662                                                                  
           Application No. 07/964,342                                                            


           us, that the evidence relied upon and the level of skill in                           
           the particular art would not have suggested to one of ordinary                        
           skill in the art the obviousness of the invention as set forth                        
           in claims 1-18.  Accordingly, we reverse.                                             
                 In rejecting claims under 35 U.S.C. § 103, it is                                
           incumbent upon the Examiner to establish a factual basis to                           
           support the legal conclusion of obviousness.  See In re Fine,                         
           837 F.2d 1071, 1073, 5 USPQ2d 1596, 1598 (Fed. Cir. 1988).  In                        
           so                                                                                    
           doing, the Examiner is expected to make the factual                                   
           determinations set forth in Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S.                        
           1,                                                                                    
           17, 148 USPQ 459, 467 (1966), and to provide a reason why one                         
           having ordinary skill in the pertinent art would have been led                        
           to                                                                                    
           modify the prior art or to combine prior art references to                            
           arrive                                                                                
           at the claimed invention.  Such reason must stem from some                            
           teaching, suggestion or implication in the prior art as a                             
           whole                                                                                 
           or knowledge generally available to one having ordinary skill                         
                                               4                                                 





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