Ex parte AZUMA et al. - Page 8




          Appeal No. 1999-0418                                       Page 8           
          Application No. 08/517,036                                                  


          virtue of the large capacitance of the ferroelectric layer                  
          18."  Id. Capacitance is directly proportional to the                       
          "dielectric constant" or "relative permittivity" of a                       
          material.  Because the dielectric constant of barium nitrate                
          "lies in the range of 2000-4500,"                                           
          A. J. Moulson and J. M. Herbert, Electroceramics 244                        
          (1990)(copy attached), Arnett requires a material with such a               
          dielectric constant in the range of 2000-4500.                              


               Although Paz discloses layered superlattice materials,                 
          the materials lack a large dielectric constant.  The reference              
          teaches materials having dielectric constants no greater than               
          166.  Specifically, "[t]he BaBi Ta O  was not a switching                   
                                         2  29                                        
          ferroelectric, but was a paraelectric with a dielectric                     
          constant  of 166 at 1 megahertz."  Col. 30, ll. 60-61.  Paz's               
          dielectric constant of 166 is twelve times smaller than the                 
          Arnett's minimum requirement of 2000.                                       


               Because Paz's dielectric constant of is twelve times                   
          smaller than Arnett's minimum requirement, we are not                       
          persuaded that Paz's layered superlattice material would have               







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