Ex parte DUGAN et al. - Page 5




          1995-2802                                                                   
          Application No. 07/983,002                                                  


               Appellants and the examiner disagree as to the scope of                
          the claimed “durable hydrophilic surface modifier associated”               
          with each channel.  Appellants argue that “durable” is defined              
          in the specification and would not include the Masuda                       
          treatment of the fibers with alkali to render the fiber                     
          surface hydrophilic in a physical rather than a chemical way                
          (Brief, pages 5-6).  The examiner states that Masuda teaches a              
          hydrophilic surface modifier but “[t]he question remains if                 
          said patented modifier is durable.” (Answer, page 9).  The                  
          examiner states that appellants have failed to define what                  
          constitutes “durable” in the specification and claims (Id.).                
          The examiner also concludes that there is reason to believe                 
          the modifier of Masuda is “durable” because Masuda teaches the              
          intention to produce “durable” products (Answer, paragraph                  
          bridging pages 9-10, citing Masuda, column 5, lines 64-66).                 
               Implicit in our review of the examiner’s obviousness                   
          analysis is that the claim must first have been correctly                   
          construed to define the scope and meaning of each contested                 
          limitation.  Gechter v. Davidson, 116 F.3d 1454, 1457, 1460                 
          n.3, 43 USPQ2d 1030, 1032, 1035 n.3 (Fed. Cir. 1997).                       
          Accordingly,                                                                
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