Appeal No. 1998-0837
Application No. 08/516,752
disclosure, since exposure to ambient air is still present
during the passage of the paper from the dryer section to the
calender section, and still further from the top roller to the
bottom roller" (brief, page 5).
We note appellants' disclosure that "[c]alender rolls
were originally heated...[t]here are several practical
limitations to the use of heated calender rolls... [t]he
temperature of the paper sheet reaches a maximum in the dryer
section of the paper machine, where heat is applied, and
decreases thereafter due to convection and thermal losses to
the ambient air... [t]he heat losses, and consequent
temperature drop, in the paper sheet can be dramatic and the
temperature drop, for example, between the
dryer section and the calender section, or between two
calender stacks, can be more that 20ēC, high enough that it is
difficult to replace the heat through heating of the calender
rolls" (specification, page 4).
Rejections based on 35 U.S.C. § 103(a) must rest on a
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