Ex Parte KERNIZAN et al - Page 6




          Appeal No. 2001-0214                                                        
          Application No. 08/826,283                                                  


          a surfactant thereto, with a reasonable expectation of                      
          successfully obtaining the purpose or utility described in                  
          Chagnon.                                                                    
               Accordingly, on this record, we are constrained to reverse             
          the examiner’s rejection of claims 1 through 6, 8, 9, 11, 12,               
          19 and 20 under 35 U.S.C. § 103 as unpatentable over the combined           
          disclosures of Chagnon, Verdone, Rosensweig, Borduz, Hajna and              
          Moskowitz.                                                                  
                                    OTHER ISSUES                                      
               We observe that Verdone teaches stable colloidal metals in a           
          non-aqueous medium, which are reduced in the same manner as that            
          disclosed in the appellants’ application in the presence of a               
          fatty acid having 10 to 22 carbon atoms or a salt thereof.                  
          Compare Verdone, column 1, lines 62 to column 2, line 50 with the           
          specification, page 3.  The colloidal metals exemplified in                 
          Verdone include silver and tin.  See columns 3 and 4, Examples              
          1 through 5.  According to column 4, lines 2-3, of Hajna, the               
          salts of fatty acids taught in Verdone are known surfactants                
          (surface active agents).                                                    






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