Ex Parte BARRUS et al - Page 4



            Appeal No. 2001-2686                                                    
            Application Re08/932,718                                                

            absence of working examples, (4) the nature of the                      
            invention, (5) the state of the prior art, (6) the relative             
            skill of those in the art, (7) the predictability or                    
            unpredictability of the art, and (8) the breadth of the                 
            claims.  See In re Wands, 858 F.2d 731, 737, 8 USPQ2d 1400,             
            1404 (Fed. Cir. 1988) citing Ex parte Forman, 230 USPQ 546,             
            547 (Bd.Pat.App. & Int. 1986).  Prior art may be relied on              
            to establish both the level of ordinary skill in the art and            
            the fact that techniques or structures necessary to practice            
            the invention were known in the art.  Strahilevitz at 1233,             
            212 USPQ at 564.                                                        
                 In calling into question the enablement of appellant’s             
            disclosure, the examiner has the initial burden of advancing            
            appropriate reasoning to support the conclusion that the                
            disclosure is non-enabling.  Strahilevitz at 1232, 212 USPQ             
            at 563.                                                                 
                 Contrary to what the examiner seems to have suggested              
            on page 4 of the answer, the appealed claims are not limited            
            to splines only at one end of the connector shaft.  Instead,            
            the claims define a construction having a splined connection            
            at one end of the connector shaft and any type of connection            
            at the other end of connector shaft.  Thus, in substance,               


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