Ex Parte ALANEN et al - Page 10




          Appeal No. 2001-0815                                                        
          Application 08/803,947                                                      



                    In rejecting claims under 35 U.S.C. § 103, the Examiner           
          bears the initial burden of establishing a prima facie case of              
          obviousness.  In re Oetiker, 977 F.2d 1443, 1445, 24 USPQ 1443,             
          1444 (Fed. Cir. 1992).  See also In re Piasecki, 745 F.2d 1468,             
          1472, 223 USPQ 785, 788 (Fed. Cir. 1984).  The Examiner can                 
          satisfy this burden by showing that some objective teaching in              
          the prior art or knowledge generally available to one of ordinary           
          skill in the art suggests the claimed subject matter.  In re                
          Fine, 837 F.2d 1071, 1074, 5 USPQ2d 1596, 1598 (Fed. Cir. 1988).            
          Only if this initial burden is met does the burden of coming                
          forward with evidence or argument shift to the Appellants.                  
          Oetiker, 977 F.2d at 1445, 24 USPQ at 1444.  See also Piasecki,             
          745 F.2d at 1472, 223 USPQ at 788.                                          
                    The factual inquiry whether to combine references under           
          35 U.S.C. § 103 must “be based on objective evidence of record.”            
          In re Lee, 277 F.3d 1338, 1343, 61 USPQ2d 1430, 1433 (Fed. Cir.             
          2002).  This “showing must be clear and particular.”  In re                 
          Dembiczak, 175 F.3d 994, 999, 50 USPQ2d 1614, 1617 (Fed. Cir.               
          1999).  “In other words, the Board must explain the reasons one             
          of ordinary skill in the art would have been motivated to select            


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