California Evidence Code ARTICLE 1 - Proof of the Content of a Writing

• Section 1520.
  The content of a writing may be proved by an otherwise admissible original.(Added by Stats. 1998, Ch. 100, Sec. 2. Effective January 1, 1999.)
• Section 1521.
  (a) The content of a writing may be proved by otherwise admissible secondary evidence. The court shall exclude secondary evidence of the content of writing if...
• Section 1522.
  (a) In addition to the grounds for exclusion authorized by Section 1521, in a criminal action the court shall exclude secondary evidence of the content of...
• Section 1523.
  (a) Except as otherwise provided by statute, oral testimony is not admissible to prove the content of a writing.(b) Oral testimony of the content of a writing...

Last modified: October 22, 2018