California Harbors and Navigation Code ARTICLE 2 - Liability, Generally

• Section 420.
  A marine carrier is liable in like manner as an inland carrier, except for loss or injury caused by the perils of the sea or...
• Section 421.
  The liability of a common carrier by sea is further regulated by acts of Congress.(Enacted by Stats. 1937, Ch. 368.)
• Section 422.
  Perils of the sea are:(a) Storms and waves.(b) Rocks, shoals, and rapids.(c) Other obstacles, though of human origin.(d) Changes of climate.(e) The confinement necessary at sea.(f) Animals peculiar to the sea.(g) All...
• Section 423.
  A marine carrier shall not stow freight upon deck during the voyage, except where it is usual so to do, nor make any improper deviation...
• Section 424.
  The owner of a vessel is bound to pay to the owner of her cargo the market value, at the time of arrival of the...
• Section 425.
  A carrier by water may, when in case of extreme peril it is necessary for the safety of the vessel or cargo, throw overboard, or...
• Section 426.
  So far as possible, a jettison shall begin with the most bulky and least valuable articles.(Enacted by Stats. 1937, Ch. 368.)
• Section 427.
  A jettison can be made only by authority of the master of a vessel, except in case of his disability, or of an overruling necessity,...
• Section 428.
  The loss incurred by a jettison, when lawfully made, shall be borne in due proportion by all that part of the vessel, appurtenances, freightage, and...
• Section 429.
  The proportions in which a general average loss is to be borne shall be ascertained by an adjustment, in which the owner of each separate...
• Section 430.
  In estimating values for the purpose of a general average, the vessel and appurtenances shall be valued as at the end of the voyage, the...
• Section 431.
  The owner of things stowed on deck, in case of their jettison, is entitled to the benefit of a general average contribution only if it...
• Section 432.
  The law concerning jettison and general average is equally applicable to every other voluntary sacrifice of property on a vessel, or to an expense necessarily...

Last modified: October 22, 2018