Michigan Compiled Laws 236-1961-21 Chapter 21 Evidence (600.2101...600.2169)

• Section 600.2101 Cases Tried Without Jury; Objections To Testimony Or Evidence; Exclusion Of Testimony From Record; Taking Of Excluded Testimony; Return Of Excluded Testimony To Court Of Appeals Or Supreme Court.
  In all cases tried without a jury, the court shall rule upon all objections to the competency, relevancy, or materiality of testimony, or evidence...
• Section 600.2102 Affidavit Taken In Other State Or Country; Authentication.
  (1) If by law the affidavit of a person residing in another state of the United States or in a foreign country is required...
• Section 600.2103 Judicial Records Of Other States Or Countries; Use As Evidence; Authentication.
  The records and judicial proceedings of any court in the several states and territories of the United States and of any foreign country shall...
• Section 600.2104 Judicial Records Of Foreign Countries; Copies As Evidence.
  Copies of such records and proceedings in the courts of a foreign country, may also be admitted in evidence upon due proof: (1) That...
• Section 600.2105 Judicial Records Of Foreign Countries; Proof By Common Law Methods.
  Sections 2103 and 2104 shall not prevent the proof of any record or judicial proceedings of the courts of any foreign country, according to...
• Section 600.2106 Court Order, Judgment, Or Decree Of Court Of Record; Certified Copy As Evidence.
  A copy of any order, judgment or decree, of any court of record in this state, duly authenticated by the certificate of the judge,...
• Section 600.2107 Public Records; Certified Transcript As Evidence.
  Copies of all papers, records, entries and documents, required or permitted by law to be filed by any public officer in his office, or...
• Section 600.2108 Secretary Of State; Certificate Of Nonexistence Of Record.
  Whenever the secretary of state charged with the legal custody of any paper, document or record shall certify that he has made diligent examination...
• Section 600.2109 Recorded Conveyance And Instruments; Certified Copies.
  All conveyances and other instruments authorized by law to be filed or recorded, and which shall be acknowledged or proved according to law, and...
• Section 600.2110 Recorded Conveyances And Instruments; Record In County Other Than Situs; Certified Copies.
  The record of deeds or other instruments affecting the title to lands in this state heretofore recorded in counties in any state other than...
• Section 600.2111 Certificate Of Lost Paper As Evidence Of Loss.
  Whenever any officer to whom the legal custody of any paper, document or record shall belong, shall certify that he has made diligent examination...
• Section 600.2112 Certificates Of Justices Of The Peace Of Other States As Evidence.
  The official certificate of any justice of the peace within any other state of the United States, of the proceedings and judgment in any...
• Section 600.2113 Constitution, Laws, And Resolutions; Official Publication As Evidence.
  The printed copies of the constitution, laws and resolutions of this state, whether of a public or private nature, which shall be published under...
• Section 600.2114 Repealed. 1967, Act 178, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967.
  Compiler's Notes: The repealed section stated conditions under which printed copies of constitution, laws, and resolutions of any other of the United States, of territory...
• Section 600.2114a Issues Of Foreign Law; Notice; Evidence; Duties Of Court; Review On Appeal.
  A party who intends to raise an issue concerning the law of any jurisdiction or governmental unit thereof outside this state shall give notice...
• Section 600.2115 Repealed. 1967, Act 178, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967.
  Compiler's Notes: The repealed section stated conditions under which printed books or pamphlets would be admissible as prima facie evidence of session or other statutes...
• Section 600.2116 Laws, Bylaws, Regulations, Resolutions, And Ordinances Of City, Village, Or Township As Evidence.
  All laws, bylaws, regulations, resolutions, and ordinances of the common council or of the board of trustees of an incorporated city or village or...
• Section 600.2117 Device By Way Of Seal As Evidence Of Seal.
  Any device affixed to any deed or instrument in writing by way of seal, by any person signing the same, executed since the thirty-first...
• Section 600.2118 Repealed. 1967, Act 178, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967.
  Compiler's Notes: The repealed section stated that common law of any other of the United States, of any territory thereof, or of any foreign state...
• Section 600.2118a Foreign Records And Laws; Evidence; Copies, Certification.
  (1) An official record kept within the United States, or any state, district, commonwealth, territory, insular possession thereof, or the Panama Canal zone, the...
• Section 600.2119 Judgment; Record Of Certified Copy As Evidence.
  Whenever any certified copy of a judgment or decree shall have been, or shall be recorded in any register of deeds' office, such record...
• Section 600.2120, 600.2121 Repealed. 1974, Act 297, Eff. Apr. 1, 1975.
  Compiler's Notes: The repealed sections pertained to proof of proceedings before justice of peace.
• Section 600.2122 Certified As Evidence; United States Land Office Records.
  Copies of all papers, documents, plats, maps, entries, or records filed, entered, or recorded in any land office of the United States situated in...
• Section 600.2123 Certified Copies As Evidence; Records Of Board Of Control Of Saint Mary's Falls Ship Canal.
  Copies of all papers, documents, maps, plats, entries, or records filed with the board of control of the Saint Mary's Falls ship canal, or...
• Section 600.2124 Certified Copies As Evidence; United States Weather Record.
  Any copy of the record of observations in regard to the condition of the weather taken under the direction of the department of agriculture...
• Section 600.2125 Proof Of Publication; Notice Of Application To Court Or Judicial Officer.
  When notice of any application to any court or judicial officer for any proceeding authorized by law, is required by law to be published...
• Section 600.2126 Proof Of Publication; Notice Of Sale Of Real Property.
  When any notice of a sale of real property is required by law to be published in any newspaper, an affidavit of the publisher...
• Section 600.2127 Proof Of Publication; Presumptive Evidence.
  The original affidavit so filed pursuant to the 2 last sections 2125 and 2126, and copies thereof duly certified by the officer in whose...
• Section 600.2128 Proof Of Publication; Prima Facie Evidence.
  The affidavit of the publisher of a public newspaper, published in this state, or the affidavit of his agent, of the publication of any...
• Section 600.2129 Proof Of Publication; Copy Of Record Of Document; Certification; Court Orders; Seal.
  (1) Whenever a certified copy of any affidavit, record, document or paper, is declared by law to be evidence, such copy shall be certified...
• Section 600.2130 Schedules, Classifications, Tariffs, And Supplements Filed With Regulatory Commissions; Copies As Evidence; Presumption.
  Printed copies of schedules and classifications and tariffs of rates, fares and charges, and supplements thereto, filed with any federal or state regulatory commission,...
• Section 600.2131 Written Instruments; Proof; Acknowledgment.
  Every written instrument, except promissory notes and bills of exchange, and except the last wills of deceased persons, may be proved or acknowledged in...
• Section 600.2132 Marriage Certificates And Records As Evidence.
  The original certificates and records of marriage made by the minister, judge, or other person authorized to solemnize marriages, as prescribed by law, and...
• Section 600.2133 Marriage License Or Certificate; Record As Evidence.
  The record of any license to marry, or of any marriage certificate, in any county clerk's office, or a certified copy thereof, shall be...
• Section 600.2134 Purchase Of Public Lands; Certificates As Evidence.
  Certificates of the purchase of public lands, signed by the receiver, shall be evidence in any court in this state, that the possession of...
• Section 600.2135 Breed Of Horses; Evidence.
  Whenever it becomes necessary to show the breeding of any horse in any action at law or in equity, the same may be shown...
• Section 600.2136 Library Record, Book, Or Paper; Copy Or Reproduction Admissible As Evidence; Fee; False Certification; Penalty.
  (1) A copy of a record, book, or paper belonging to or in the custody of a public, college, or university library, or an...
• Section 600.2137 Reproduction Or Copy Admissible In Evidence.
  A reproduction in a medium under the records reproduction act, 1992 PA 116, MCL 24.401 to 24.406, or a reproduction consisting of a printout...
• Section 600.2138 Filed Or Recorded Documents; Copy Or Replacement; Certification; Admissibility As Evidence; Transcript Or Certified Copy; Filing Or Inserting Correction, Alteration, Indorsement, Or Entry.
  (1) If a public officer performing duties under this act is required or authorized by law to record, copy, recopy, or replace a document,...
• Section 600.2139 Seal; Presumptive Evidence Of Consideration.
  In any action upon a sealed instrument, and where a counterclaim is founded on any sealed instrument, the seal thereof shall only be presumptive...
• Section 600.2140 Corporate Existence; Proof.
  In any suit or proceeding, civil or criminal hereafter instituted in any of the courts of this state, wherein it shall become material or...
• Section 600.2141 Copartnership; Proof.
  In any suit or proceeding hereafter instituted in any of the courts of this state, wherein it shall become material or necessary to prove...
• Section 600.2142 Seal; Prima Facie Proof Of Lawful Execution Of Instruments By Corporations, Other Firms.
  Any corporation, joint stock company, or partnership association, limited, may have a common seal which it may alter at pleasure, and such seal affixed...
• Section 600.2143 Subscribing Witness To Instrument Need Not Be Called; Exception.
  Whenever upon the trial of any action, civil or criminal, or upon the hearing of any judicial proceedings, a written instrument is offered in...
• Section 600.2144 Signature Or Handwriting; Proof.
  Whenever in any suit or proceeding in any of the courts of this state, it shall be necessary or proper to prove the signature...
• Section 600.2145 Open Account Or Account Stated; Proof, Counterclaim.
  In all actions brought in any of the courts of this state, to recover the amount due on an open account or upon an...
• Section 600.2146 Writing Or Record Made In Regular Course Of Business; Reproduction Admissible In Evidence; Other Circumstances; Lack Of Entry; Reproduction As Evidence.
  A writing or record, whether in the form of an entry in a book or otherwise, made as a memorandum of an act, transaction,...
• Section 600.2147 Business Record Prepared Or Entered In Regular Course Of Business; Reproduction As Evidence; Delivery Of Copy To Adverse Party.
  Notwithstanding any law of this state to the contrary, an individual, firm, association, or corporation may introduce in evidence at a trial or hearing...
• Section 600.2148 Reproduced Records Of Business Firms; Disposal Of Original Record; Admissibility Of Reproduction In Evidence; “person” Defined.
  (1) A person, firm, or corporation engaged in business may cause records kept by the business to be reproduced pursuant to the records media...
• Section 600.2149 Loss Of Instrument; Proof And Disproof.
  Whenever a party to any instrument shall have been permitted to prove by his own oath the loss of any instrument, in order to...
• Section 600.2150 Repealed. 1962, Act 174, Eff. Jan. 1, 1964.
  Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to suit founded on lost negotiable bill or note.
• Section 600.2151 Admission Of Member Of Corporation As Evidence.
  In suits by or against a corporation, the admission of any member thereof not named on the record as a party to such suit...
• Section 600.2152 Mental Competency Of Testator; Presumption.
  In proceedings for the probate of wills, it shall not be necessary for the proponent in the first instance to introduce any proof to...
• Section 600.2153 Public Officers; Administration Of Oaths For Certain Purposes.
  Whenever any application is made to any public officer or board of officers to do any act in an official capacity, and such officer...
• Section 600.2154 Witness; Obligation To Answer Through Revealing Civil Liability; Self-incrimination.
  Any competent witness in a cause shall not be excused from answering a question relevant to the matter in issue, on the ground merely...
• Section 600.2155 Statement, Writing, Or Action Expressing Sympathy, Compassion, Commiseration, Or Benevolence; Admissibility In Action For Malpractice; "Family" Defined.
  (1) A statement, writing, or action that expresses sympathy, compassion, commiseration, or a general sense of benevolence relating to the pain, suffering, or death...
• Section 600.2156 Minister, Priest, Or Christian Science Practitioner; Nondisclosure Of Confessions.
  No minister of the gospel, or priest of any denomination whatsoever, or duly accredited Christian Science practitioner, shall be allowed to disclose any confessions...
• Section 600.2157 Physician-patient Privilege; Waiver.
  Except as otherwise provided by law, a person duly authorized to practice medicine or surgery shall not disclose any information that the person has...
• Section 600.2157a Definitions; Consultation Between Victim And Sexual Assault Or Domestic Violence Counselor; Admissibility.
  (1) For purposes of this section: (a) “Confidential communication” means information transmitted between a victim and a sexual assault or domestic violence counselor, or...
• Section 600.2157b Confidential Communication To Crime Stoppers Organization; Definitions.
  (1) Except as provided in subsection (2) or (3), a person shall not be required to do either of the following in a civil...
• Section 600.2158 Crime; Interest Or Relationship Of Witness, Effect.
  No person shall be excluded from giving evidence on any matter, civil or criminal, by reason of crime or for any interest of such...
• Section 600.2159 Parties As Witnesses; Depositions; Comment On Failure Of Criminal Defendant To Testify.
  On the trial of any issue joined, or in any matter, suit or proceeding, in any court, or on any inquiry arising in any...
• Section 600.2160 Repealed. 1967, Act 263, Eff. Nov. 2, 1967.
  Compiler's Notes: The repealed section provided for admissibility of testimony of opposite party on matters equally within knowledge of deceased or mentally incompetent person.
• Section 600.2161 Cross Examination Of Opposite Party Or Agent.
  In any suit or proceeding in any court in this state, either party, if he shall call as a witness in his behalf, the...
• Section 600.2162 Husband Or Wife As Witness For Or Against Other.
  (1) In a civil action or administrative proceeding, a husband shall not be examined as a witness for or against his wife without her...
• Section 600.2163 Repealed. 1998, Act 323, Imd. Eff. Aug. 3, 1998.
  Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to children under 10 years as witnesses.
• Section 600.2163a Definitions; Prosecutions And Proceedings To Which Section Applicable; Use Of Dolls Or Mannequins; Support Person; Notice; Videorecorded Statement; Special Arrangements To Protect Welfare Of Witness; Videorecorded Deposition; Section Additional To Other Protections Or Procedures; Violation As Misdemeanor; Penalty.
  (1) As used in this section: (a) "Custodian of the videorecorded statement" means the department of human services, investigating law enforcement agency, prosecuting attorney,...
• Section 600.2164 Expert Witnesses; Fees; Contempt For Excessive Fees; Number; Application Of Section.
  (1) No expert witness shall be paid, or receive as compensation in any given case for his services as such, a sum in excess...
• Section 600.2164a Expert Witness; Testimony At Trial By Video Communication Equipment; Motion; Payment Of Cost.
  (1) If a court has determined that expert testimony will assist the trier of fact and that a witness is qualified to give the...
• Section 600.2165 Disclosure Of Students' Records Or Communications By School Teacher Or Employee.
  No teacher, guidance officer, school executive or other professional person engaged in character building in the public schools or in any other educational institution,...
• Section 600.2166 Admissibility Of Evidence In Action By Or Against Person Incapable Of Testifying.
  (1) In an action by or against a person incapable of testifying, a party's own testimony shall not be admissible as to any matter...
• Section 600.2167 Repealed. 2014, Act 124, Imd. Eff. May 20, 2014.
  Compiler's Notes: The repealed section pertained to receipt of technician's report in evidence.
• Section 600.2169 Qualifications Of Expert Witness In Action Alleging Medical Malpractice; Determination; Disqualification Of Expert Witness; Testimony On Contingency Fee Basis As Misdemeanor; Limitations Applicable To Discovery.
  (1) In an action alleging medical malpractice, a person shall not give expert testimony on the appropriate standard of practice or care unless the...

Last modified: October 10, 2016