Mark Friedman - Page 2

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                                      CONTENTS                                        
                                                                      Page            
          MEMORANDUM FINDINGS OF FACT AND OPINION....................... 2            
          OPINION OF THE SPECIAL TRIAL JUDGE............................ 3            
          FINDINGS OF FACT.............................................. 6            
          A. The Plastics Recycling Transactions...................... 6              
          B. The Partnerships......................................... 8              
          C. Petitioners and Their Introduction to the Partnership                    
               Transactions.............................................10            
               1.   Mark Friedman.......................................10            
               2.   David and Deborah B. Alter..........................14            
          OPINION.......................................................21            
          A. Section 6653(a)--Negligence..............................24              
               1. The Private Offering Memoranda......................26              
               2. The So-Called Oil Crisis............................31              
               3. Petitioners' Purported Reliance on Advisers.........35              
               4. Miscellaneous.......................................50              
               5. Conclusion as to Negligence.........................57              
          B. Section 6659--Valuation Overstatement....................58              
               1. The Grounds for Petitioners' Underpayments..........59              
               2. Concession of the Deficiencies......................64              
               3. Section 6659(e).....................................68              
          C. Petitioners' Motions For Leave To File Motion For                        
               Decision Ordering Relief From the Negligence Penalty and               
               the Penalty Rate of Interest and To File Supporting                    
               Memoranda of Law.........................................73            
                       MEMORANDUM FINDINGS OF FACT AND OPINION                        
               DAWSON, Judge:  These cases were assigned to Special Trial             
          Judge Norman H. Wolfe pursuant to the provisions of section                 
          7443A(b)(4) and Rules 180, 181, and 183.  They were tried and               
          briefed separately but consolidated for purposes of opinion.  All           
          section references are to the Internal Revenue Code in effect for           
          the tax year in issue, unless otherwise indicated.  All Rule                
          references are to the Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure.            
          The Court agrees with and adopts the opinion of the Special Trial           
          Judge, which is set forth below.                                            






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