Farmland Industries, Inc. - Page 74




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             does not adopt the per se rule for capital gains and                     
             losses, the gains and losses at issue must be classified as              
             nonpatronage.  In either event, respondent argues that the               
             subject gains and losses cannot be combined with or netted               
             against petitioner's patronage losses.                                   
                  This and the other courts to have considered whether                
             an item of income should be classified as patronage or                   
             nonpatronage, have resolved the issue based upon the                     
             relationship of the transaction that generated the income                
             to the marketing, purchasing, or service activities of the               
             cooperative.  CF Indus., Inc. v. Commissioner, 995 F.2d                  
             101, 105 (7th Cir. 1993), modifying and affg. T.C. Memo.                 
             1991-568; Cotter & Co. v. United States, 765 F.2d 1102,                  
             1106 (Fed. Cir. 1985); Land O'Lakes v. United States, 675                
             F.2d 988, 993 (8th Cir. 1982); St. Louis Bank for Coops. v.              
             United States, 224 Ct. Cl. 289, 624 F.2d 1041, 1050 (1980);              
             Buckeye Countrymark, Inc. v. Commissioner, 103 T.C. 547,                 
             562-563 (1994); Certified Grocers of Cal., Ltd. v.                       
             Commissioner, 88 T.C. 238, 243 (1987); Illinois Grain Corp.              
             v. Commissioner, 87 T.C. 435, 459 (1986); Dundee Citrus                  
             Growers Association v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 1991-487;                
             Washington-Oregon Shippers Coop., Inc. v. Commissioner,                  
             T.C. Memo. 1987-32; Twin Country Grocers, Inc. v. United                 
             States, 2 Cl. Ct. 657, 662 (1983); Astoria Plywood Corp.                 






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