Dana L. McNaught - Page 8




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          and circumstances.  Hulter v. Commissioner, 91 T.C. 371, 393                
          (1988); Golanty v. Commissioner, supra at 426; sec. 1.183-2(a)              
          and (b), Income Tax Regs.  The proper focus of the test is the              
          taxpayer's subjective intention, but objective indicia may be               
          used to determine the taxpayer's true intent.  Independent                  
          Electric Supply, Inc. v. Commissioner, supra at 726.  In this               
          regard, more weight is generally given to objective facts than to           
          the taxpayer's mere statement of her intent.  Dreicer v.                    
          Commissioner, 78 T.C. 642, 645 (1982), affd. without opinion 702            
          F.2d 1205 (D.C. Cir. 1983); sec. 1.183-2(a), Income Tax Regs.               
               Section 1.183-2(b), Income Tax Regs., provides a list of               
          factors to be considered in deciding whether an activity is                 
          engaged in for profit.  These factors include:  (1) The manner in           
          which the taxpayer carried on the activity; (2) the expertise of            
          the taxpayer or her advisers; (3) the time and effort expended by           
          the taxpayer in carrying on the activity; (4) the expectation               
          that the assets used in the activity may appreciate in value; (5)           
          the success of the taxpayer in carrying on other similar or                 
          dissimilar activities; (6) the taxpayer's history of income or              
          losses with respect to the activity; (7) the amount of occasional           
          profits, if any, which are earned; (8) the financial status of              
          the taxpayer; and (9) whether elements of personal pleasure or              
          recreation are involved.  Sec. 1.183-2(b), Income Tax Regs.  This           
          list of factors is not exclusive, and other factors may be                  
          considered in determining whether an activity is engaged in for             
          profit.  The factors are not merely a counting device where the             


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