William D. Zack - Page 8




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               As to the amount of the bribes, petitioner testified at                
          trial that he paid $312,572 to Cooper in bribes during the                  
          subject years.  We do not find this testimony credible.3  The               
          credible evidence in this case persuades us, and we have found as           
          a fact, that petitioner paid Cooper $90,286 in bribes during the            
          subject years.  On the basis of the record, we also are satisfied           
          that 50 percent of this amount was attributable to 1985 and that            
          the rest was attributable to 1986.  We conclude and hold that               
          petitioner’s gross income, as adjusted by respondent in the                 
          notice of deficiency, should be decreased by $45,143 in both 1985           
          and 1986.                                                                   
               Petitioner argues that he had an NOL in 1988 that he may               
          carry back to the years at bar.  Petitioner asserts:  (1) He                
          reported on his 1988 Federal income tax return the income that he           
          realized from the false invoice scheme, (2) he amended that                 
          return in 1996 to account for respondent’s position that the                
          income was actually taxable in 1985 and 1986, and (3) his removal           
          of that income from 1988 generated an NOL for that year.                    
               The record does not adequately support petitioner’s                    
          assertion that he realized an NOL in 1988.  Although section                
          172(a) allows taxpayers to deduct an NOL equal to the sum of NOL            


               3 Nor do we find credible the vague, unsupported testimony             
          of petitioner to the effect that he indirectly paid General                 
          Motors Co. a $15,000 bribe.  In contrast with the bribes paid to            
          Cooper, the record does not adequately support petitioner’s bald            
          assertion that he indirectly bribed General Motors Co.                      





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