Robert and Martha Emanuel - Page 4




                                        - 3 -                                         
               Petitioners assert they are entitled to deduct the following           
          medical expenses that were not claimed on the returns for the               
          years in issue:                                                             
               Expense                    1996      1997      1998                    
               Attendant care services 1$15,834 $17,616     $15,474                   
               Van cost            -0-            -0-       13,214                    
               Gasoline                 865     835       750                         
               Child attendant care     1,324     1,366     1,399                     
               Back-up generator        -0-       -0-       840                       
               Pool maintenance         1,200     1,200     1,200                     
               YMCA tuition             1,569     1,558     1,234                     
                    1  All amounts have been rounded to a whole dollar                
               figure.                                                                
               Petitioners resided in Hollywood, Florida, at the time they            
          filed their petitions.  Some of the facts have been stipulated              
          and are so found.  These two cases were consolidated pursuant to            
          the Court’s order of January 15, 2002.  For convenience we                  
          combine our findings of fact and conclusions.                               
               In the petitions and at trial, petitioners raised the                  
          matters at issue here; accordingly, petitioners bear the burden             
          of proof.  Rule 142(a)(1).2                                                 
          1.   Medical expenses                                                       
               Petitioners allege they are entitled to various medical                
          expense deductions.  We first discuss the requirements of section           


               2  Sec. 7491 does not apply to shift the burden of proof to            
          respondent because petitioners have neither alleged that sec.               
          7491 is applicable nor established that they complied with the              
          requirements of sec. 7491(a)(2)(A) and (B) to substantiate items,           
          maintain required records, and cooperate fully with respondent’s            
          reasonable requests.                                                        




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