Michael J. Downing and Sandra M. Downing - Page 24

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               Respondent has shown by clear and convincing evidence as to            
          each year in issue that:  (1) Michael understated his plumbing              
          business Schedule C gross receipts; (2) this understatement                 
          resulted in an underpayment of tax; and (3) some part of this               
          underpayment of tax was due to Michael’s fraud.                             
                                       OPINION                                        
                              I.  Summary; Conclusions                                
               Because of its impact on the rest of the case, we first deal           
          with the parties’ dispute as to whether each petitioner was                 
          required to report on that petitioner’s separate Federal income             
          tax return in accordance with the splits ordinarily required by             
          Louisiana’s community property regime.  We agree with petitioners           
          that they were not so required.  Respondent conceded that, if we            
          so held, then Sandra had no deficiencies and no additions to tax;           
          that concession will be given effect in our decision.10                     
               We then consider the fraud issue.  We agree with respondent            
          that respondent has shown by clear and convincing evidence that             
          Michael has an underpayment of tax for each year and that part of           
          each year’s underpayment is due to Michael’s fraud.  Our                    
          redeterminations as to amounts agree largely, but not entirely,             
          with respondent’s determinations as modified by the parties’                
          stipulations and respondent’s concessions.                                  


               10  Sandra nevertheless remains a party in the instant case.           
          DeLucia v. Commissioner, 87 T.C. 804 (1986).                                





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