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               GOEKE, J., concurring in result:  I agree with the result              
          reached by the majority and its interpretation of the term                  
          “underlying tax liability”.  I write separately to clarify the              
          significance of petitioners’ amended return.                                
               Under section 6330(c)(2)(B), petitioners were permitted to             
          raise at the hearing challenges to the existence or amount of               
          their underlying tax liability.  Petitioners raised a challenge             
          to the amount of their underlying liability and the parties                 
          agreed that petitioners would be permitted to submit an amended             
          return reflecting their position.  The Appeals officer abruptly             
          issued the notice of determination.  Petitioners subsequently               
          submitted an amended return.  I believe that if petitioners had             
          been given a reasonable opportunity to challenge the amount of              
          their underlying liability during the hearing process (e.g., by             
          filing an amended return) and they had failed to do so, then we             
          should not review the underlying tax liability because it was not           
          properly raised at the hearing, but in this case they were not              
          given the opportunity to challenge their underlying liability, so           
          the hearing was inadequate.                                                 
               This situation is analogous to offers in compromise (OIC).             
          Before an OIC can be considered, the taxpayer must submit current           
          financial information.  Moorhous v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo.                
          2003-183; see also Rodriguez v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 2003-153           
          (finding that the Appeals officer did not abuse his discretion in           
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