Edward D. Tonitis - Page 2

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          After concessions, the issue for decision is whether petitioner’s           
          failure to file tax returns was due to fraud.  Unless otherwise             
          indicated, all section references are to the Internal Revenue               
          Code in effect for the years in issue, and all Rule references              
          are to the Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure.                       
                                     Background                                       
               Petitioner resided in Sarasota, Florida, at the time that he           
          filed his petition in this case.  The petition was filed by                 
          petitioner, pro se, and set forth various frivolous tax protester           
          arguments.  It was followed by frivolous motions.  After the case           
          was set for trial, petitioner employed counsel and filed                    
          delinquent Federal income tax returns for the years in issue.               
          Petitioner, through counsel, also entered into a Stipulation of             
          Settlement in which the parties agreed to reduced deficiencies              
          and additions to tax under section 6654.                                    
               In the answer to the petition, respondent alleged various              
          facts in support of the determination that petitioner’s failure             
          to file tax returns and underpayment of tax for the years in                
          issue was due to fraud.  Petitioner failed to file a reply                  
          notwithstanding a motion by respondent under Rule 37(c), and the            
          matters set forth in respondent’s answer are deemed admitted for            
          purposes of this case.  Respondent then filed a motion for                  
          summary judgment, which was set for hearing at the time of trial.           
          Petitioner was permitted to testify with respect to the claim of            





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