Peter Showler - Page 6




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          above, were electronically transferred to Wise’s business                   
          checking account.                                                           
               All of the above-referenced deductions were disallowed in              
          the notice of deficiency.  According to an explanation included             
          in the notice of deficiency, the deduction for commissions and              
          fees was disallowed because “no deduction is allowed for any                
          compensation that is unreasonable or excessive”.  The explanation           
          for the disallowance of that deduction went on to note that                 
          petitioner had failed to “establish that the amount shown was (a)           
          compensation, and (b) paid”.  Various reasons are  given in the             
          notice of deficiency for the disallowances of the other                     
          deductions listed above, including petitioner’s failure to                  
          substantiate the payments of the underlying expenses.                       
                                     Discussion                                       
               In general, a taxpayer is entitled to a deduction for all              
          ordinary and necessary expenses paid or incurred in carrying on             
          any trade or business.  Sec. 162(a).  Depending upon the nature             
          of the business, the disallowed deductions here in dispute fall             
          into categories of expenses generally recognized as deductible              
          under section 162(a).                                                       
               The nature of and the manner in which petitioner conducted             
          his business, as either an employee of Wise or an independent               
          contractor of NPC, have been described only in general terms, and           
          many details are unknown.  At trial petitioner attempted to                 







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