A person subject to an order issued under this subchapter may file with the Secretary a petition—
(A) stating that the order, a provision of the order, or an obligation imposed in connection with the order is not established in accordance with law; and
(B) requesting a modification of the order or an exemption from the order.
The petitioner shall be given the opportunity for a hearing on a petition filed under paragraph (1), in accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary.
After a hearing under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall issue a ruling on the petition that is the subject of the hearing, which shall be final if the ruling is in accordance with applicable law.
Any petition filed under this subchapter challenging an order, or any obligation imposed in connection with an order, shall be filed not later than 2 years after the effective date of the order or imposition of the obligation.
The district court of the United States for any district in which the person who is a petitioner under subsection (a) of this section resides or carries on business shall have jurisdiction to review a ruling on the petition, if a complaint is filed by the person not later than 20 days after the date of the entry of a ruling by the Secretary under subsection (a)(3) of this section.
Service of process in a proceeding under paragraph (1) shall be conducted in accordance with the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
If the court determines, under paragraph (1), that a ruling issued under subsection (a)(3) of this section is not in accordance with applicable law, the court shall remand the matter to the Secretary with directions either—
(A) to make such ruling as the court shall determine to be in accordance with law; or
(B) to take such further proceedings as, in the opinion of the court, the law requires.
The pendency of proceedings instituted under subsection (a) of this section shall not impede, hinder, or delay the Attorney General or the Secretary from taking any action under section 7448 of this title.
(Pub. L. 104–127, title V, §538, Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 1060.)
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