Cite as: 508 U. S. 679 (1993)
Opinion of the Court
allotment act, the lack of a grant of such power requires us to conclude that the Tribe does not possess such authority, unless one of the Montana exceptions is met." 949 F. 2d, at 995.8
The Eighth Circuit therefore remanded the case for a determination whether the Tribe could regulate non-Indian hunting and fishing on the former fee lands pursuant to one of the exceptions to the general rule that an Indian tribe's inherent sovereign powers do not extend to non-Indian activity. We granted certiorari, 506 U. S. 813 (1992), and now reverse.
II
Congress has the power to abrogate Indians' treaty rights, see, e. g., Rosebud Sioux Tribe v. Kneip, 430 U. S. 584, 594 (1977), though we usually insist that Congress clearly express its intent to do so. See Menominee Tribe v. United States, 391 U. S. 404, 412-413 (1968); United States v. Dion, 476 U. S. 734, 738 (1986). See also County of Yakima v. Confederated Tribes and Bands of Yakima Nation, 502 U. S. 251, 269 (1992) (" '[S]tatutes are to be construed liberally in favor of the Indians, with ambiguous provisions interpreted to their benefit' ") (citations omitted). Our reading of the relevant statutes persuades us that Congress has abrogated the Tribe's rights under the Fort Laramie Treaty to regulate hunting and fishing by non-Indians in the area taken for the Oahe Dam and Reservoir Project.
The Fort Laramie Treaty granted to the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe the unqualified right of "absolute and undis-8 Although respondents did not cross-petition for review of this portion of the Court of Appeals' decision, the State argues that the Court of Appeals' general approach in distinguishing between the 18,000 acres of non-Indian fee lands and the 104,420 acres of former trust lands was "without basis in this Court's rulings," and thus "wrong and unworkable." Brief for Petitioner 48. We read the question presented as fairly encompassing the issue of the Tribe's regulatory authority over both the 18,000 acres of former non-Indian fee lands and the 104,420 acres of former trust lands.
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