Cite as: 519 U. S. 357 (1997)
Opinion of the Court
Chief Justice Rehnquist delivered the opinion of the Court.
The question presented is whether an injunction that places restrictions on demonstrations outside abortion clinics violates the First Amendment. We uphold the provisions imposing "fixed bubble" or "fixed buffer zone" limitations, as hereinafter described, but hold that the provisions imposing "floating bubble" or "floating buffer zone" limitations violate the First Amendment.
I
Respondents include three doctors and four medical clinics (two of which are part of larger hospital complexes) in and around Rochester and Buffalo in upstate New York. These health care providers perform abortions and other medical services at their facilities. The eighth respondent is Pro-Choice Network of Western New York, a not-for-profit corof Colorado, Robert A. Butterworth of Florida, Calvin E. Holloway, Sr., of Guam, Margery S. Bronster of Hawaii, Pamela Carter of Indiana, Carla J. Stovall of Kansas, J. Joseph Curran, Jr., of Maryland, Scott Harshbarger of Massachusetts, Hubert H. Humphrey III of Minnesota, Deborah T. Po-ritz of New Jersey, Tom Udall of New Mexico, Frankie Sue Del Papa of Nevada, Michael F. Easley of North Carolina, Theodore R. Kulongoski of Oregon, Jeffrey L. Amestoy of Vermont, Christine O. Gregoire of Washington, and Darrell V. McGraw, Jr., of West Virginia; for the State of New York by Dennis C. Vacco, Attorney General, Victoria A. Graffeo, Solicitor General, Barbara G. Billet, Deputy Solicitor General, and Robert A. Forte, Assistant Attorney General; for the City of Phoenix, Arizona, by David A. Strauss, Roderick G. McDougall, and Marvin A. Sondag; for the American Civil Liberties Union et al. by Steven R. Shapiro, Marjorie Heins, Elliot Mincberg, and Lois Waldman; for the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists et al. by Elaine Metlin, Laura B. Feigin, Ann E. Allen, Roger K. Evans, and Eve W. Paul; for the Feminist Majority Foundation et al. by Talbot D'Alemberte; and for the American Medical Women's Association et al. by Eve C. Gartner.
Briefs of amici curiae were filed for the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations by Jonathan P. Hiatt, Marsha S. Berzon, and Laurence Gold; and for the Life Legal Defense Foundation by Anne J. Kindt.
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