Ex parte KUMAR - Page 5




          Appeal No. 96-4002                                                          
          Application No. 08/121,849                                                  


          776 F.2d 281, 293, 227 USPQ 657, 664 (Fed. Cir. 1985), cert.                
          denied, 475 U.S. 1017 (1986); ACS Hospital Systems, Inc. v.                 
          Montefiore Hospital, 732 F.2d 1572, 1577, 221 USPQ 929, 933                 
          (Fed.                                                                       
          Cir. 1984).  These showings by the Examiner are an essential                
          part                                                                        
          of complying with the burden of presenting a prima facie case               
          of                                                                          
          obviousness.  Note In re Oetiker, 977 F.2d 1443, 1445, 24                   
          USPQ2d                                                                      
          1443, 1444 (Fed. Cir. 1992).                                                
               With respect to independent claims 1 and 8, the Examiner               
          seeks to modify the ultrasonic liquid gauging system of                     
          Leszczynski by relying on Snyder and Baumoel to supply the                  
          missing teaching of utilizing echo signal energy content                    
          rather than peak amplitude to discriminate between true and                 
          false echoes.  In the Examiner’s view, the desire to reduce                 
          costs by using integrated digital circuitry would serve as a                
          motivating factor to one of ordinary skill to modify                        
          Leszczynski with the teachings of Snyder and Baumoel.                       


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